FAR and DFARS › FAR Part 3: Improper Business Practices and Personal Conflicts of Interest › Subpart 3.9

FAR 3.905-1 Remedies.

The codified text (eCFR, as of 2026-10-02). Under the Revolutionary FAR Overhaul ↗, agencies follow class deviations with new text for many parts while the formal rules go through the Federal Register: check the solicitation and your contract's clauses, which rule.

In plain English

This section describes what happens after an Inspector General report about an alleged reprisal against an employee who complained. Within 30 days of receiving the report, the agency head must decide whether there is a sufficient basis to conclude a reprisal occurred and either deny relief or order actions such as reinstatement, back pay, damages, or payment of the employee's costs. It also explains when a complainant may go to court and that these rights cannot be waived.

Applies to: Agency heads responding to Inspector General reports, and contractors or subcontractors accused of reprisal

What it requires

  • The head of the agency must determine, within 30 days of receiving the report, whether sufficient basis exists to conclude the contractor or subcontractor subjected the employee to a reprisal
  • The head of the agency must either issue an order denying relief or take one or more listed actions, such as ordering affirmative action, reinstatement with damages and benefits, or payment of the complainant's costs and expenses

Key terms: reprisal · Inspector General report · affirmative action to abate the reprisal · compensatory damages · de novo action

Written by AI from this section's text. A guide, not legal advice: the text below rules.

The text

(a) Agency response to Inspector General report. Not later than 30 days after receiving a report pursuant to 3.904-2, the head of the agency shall—

(1) Determine whether sufficient basis exists to conclude that the contractor or subcontractor has subjected the employee who submitted the complaint to a reprisal as prohibited by 3.903; and

(2) Either issue an order denying relief or take one or more of the following actions:

(i) Order the contractor or subcontractor to take affirmative action to abate the reprisal.

(ii) Order the contractor or subcontractor to reinstate the complainant employee to the position that the person held before the reprisal, together with compensatory damages (including back pay), employment benefits, and other terms and conditions of employment that would apply to the person in that position if the reprisal had not been taken.

(iii) Order the contractor or subcontractor to pay the complainant employee an amount equal to the aggregate amount of all costs and expenses (including attorneys' fees and expert witnesses' fees) that were reasonably incurred by the complainant for, or in connection with, bringing the complaint regarding the reprisal, as determined by the head of the agency.

(iv) Consider disciplinary or corrective action against any official of the executive agency, if appropriate.

(b) Complainant's right to go to court. (1) Paragraph (b)(2) of this section applies if—

(i) The head of the agency issues an order denying relief; or

(ii)(A) The head of the agency has not issued an order—

(1) Within 210 days after the submission of the complaint; or

(2) Within 30 days after the expiration of an extension of time granted in accordance with 41 U.S.C. 4712(b)(2)(B) for the submission of the report to those stated in 3.904-2(b); and

(B) There is no showing that such delay is due to the bad faith of the complainant.

(2) If the conditions in either paragraph (b)(1)(i) or (ii) of this section are met—

(i) The complainant shall be deemed to have exhausted all administrative remedies with respect to the complaint; and

(ii) The complainant may bring a de novo action at law or equity against the contractor or subcontractor to seek compensatory damages and other relief available under 41 U.S.C. 4712 in the appropriate district court of the United States, which shall have jurisdiction over such an action without regard to the amount in controversy.

(A) Such an action shall, at the request of either party to the action, be tried by the court with a jury.

(B) An action under this authority may not be brought more than 2 years after the date on which remedies are deemed to have been exhausted.

(c) Admissibility in evidence. An Inspector General determination and an agency head order denying relief under this section shall be admissible in evidence in any de novo action at law or equity brought pursuant to 41 U.S.C. 4712.

(d) No waiver. The rights and remedies provided for in 41 U.S.C. 4712 may not be waived by any agreement, policy, form, or condition of employment.

Sections it refers to

  • 3.904-2 Procedures for investigating complaints.
  • 3.903 Policy.

Sections that refer to it

  • 3.904-2 Procedures for investigating complaints.
  • 3.905-2 Enforcement of orders.

← 3.905 Remedies and enforcement of orders. · 3.905-2 Enforcement of orders. →

Rule changes for FAR Part 3

Source: eCFR, 48 CFR chapters 1 and 2 (GPO GovInfo bulk data) ↗. Plain words for the terms: glossary.

FAR 3.905-1 Remedies · SpendQuery