Congressional earmarks
Projects Congress paid for by name in the annual spending laws: House Community Project Funding and Senate Congressionally Directed Spending, FY2022–FY2024. 8,098 provisions worth $14.56B match.
By year
- FY2024 $14.56B · 8098
FY2025: none (a full-year continuing resolution). FY2026: enacted, not yet in GAO's data.
Requesting members
- Susan M. Collins Sen. ME · $577.58M · 231
- Lisa Murkowski Sen. AK · $463.67M · 185
- Angus S. King, Jr. Sen. ME · $453.59M · 186
- Brian Schatz Sen. HI · $428.63M · 114
- Charles E. Schumer Sen. NY · $422.99M · 228
- Shelley Moore Capito Sen. WV · $404.14M · 229
- Lindsey Graham Sen. SC · $396.87M · 70
- Cindy Hyde-Smith Sen. MS · $382.05M · 137
- Kirsten E. Gillibrand Sen. NY · $375.32M · 197
- Amy Klobuchar Sen. MN · $348.15M · 148
A project with several requesters counts for each of them.
By agency
- Department of Housing and Urban Development $3.29B · 2407
- Department of Transportation $2.76B · 1014
- Department of Defense $1.57B · 143
- Army Corps of Engineers $1.49B · 217
- Environmental Protection Agency $1.46B · 1039
- Department of Health and Human Services $1.05B · 622
- Department of Agriculture $778.34M · 622
- Department of Justice $597.38M · 786
By state: CA $1.05B · TX $752.84M · NY $659.58M · ME $601.57M · MS $549.19M · HI $489.05M · FL $477.72M · AK $470.61M · AR $451.82M · WA $444.27M · AL $431.16M · SC $411.66M · PA $399.42M · WV $387.37M · TN $360.53M · OH $359.07M · IL $346.29M · MI $330.40M · LA $328.44M · GA $298.82M · KS $274.02M · NC $271.98M · NJ $266.81M · VA $257.43M · OK $256.91M · MD $243.74M · OR $236.82M · MN $219.91M · MO $217.35M · MA $212.64M · NE $196.28M · NV $194.49M · NM $176.50M · CT $173.38M · WI $171.92M · RI $165.22M · AZ $162.50M · KY $161.27M · CO $157.44M · DE $153.95M · SD $141.78M · NH $118.02M · UT $110.04M · VT $100.53M · IA $93.36M · ID $93.08M · MT $34.91M · IN $26.96M · WY $14.96M · DC $13.88M · MP $12.90M · PR $11.83M · VI $8.78M · GU $7.20M
Largest provisions (the 100 largest of 8,098)
| FY | Project and recipient | Agency | Requested by | Amount |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 | Chickamauga Lock, Tennessee River, TN U.S. Army Corps of Engineers · TN | Army Corps of Engineers · Construction | Representative Chuck Fleischmann TN | $236.80M |
| 2024 | Upper Mississippi River—Illinois WW System, IL, IA, MN, MO & WI U.S. Army Corps of Engineers · MO, IA, MN, IL, WI | Army Corps of Engineers · Construction | Senator Tammy Baldwin WI, Senator Tammy Duckworth IL, Senator Richard Durbin IL, Senator Amy Klobuchar MN, Senator Tina Smith MN, Sam Graves MO, Representative Darin Lahood IL, Representative Blaine Luetkemeyer MO, Representative Eric Sorensen IL, Representative Nikki Budzinski IL | $120.00M |
| 2024 | Water Reclamation Facility Compliance Upgrade Marine Corps Base Hawaii · HI | Department of Defense · Military Construction, Navy and Marine Corps | Senator Mazie Hirono HI, Senator Brian Schatz HI, Representative Jill Tokuda HI | $109.00M |
| 2024 | McClellan-Kerr Arkansas River Navigation System, Three Rivers, AR U.S. Army Corps of Engineers · AR | Army Corps of Engineers · Construction | Representative Rick Crawford AR | $103.17M |
| 2024 | Reception Barracks Complex, Ph2: Cost to Complete Fort Jackson · SC | Department of Defense · Military Construction, Army | Senator Lindsey Graham SC | $101.00M |
| 2024 | Sabine-Neches Waterway, TX U.S. Army Corps of Engineers · TX | Army Corps of Engineers · Construction | Representative Randy Weber TX | $100.00M |
| 2024 | Dry Dock 3 Replacement Joint Base Pearl Harbor-Hickam · HI | Department of Defense · Military Construction, Navy and Marine Corps | Senator Brian Schatz HI | $90.00M |
| 2024 | National Guard Readiness Center Addition/Alteration Lexington Armory · NY | Department of Defense · Military Construction, Army National Guard | Senator Kirsten Gillibrand NY, Senator Charles Schumer NY, Representative Jerrold Nadler NY | $90.00M |
| 2024 | I-49 Extension AR · AR | Department of Transportation · Highway Infrastructure Programs | Senator John Boozman AR | $67.00M |
| 2024 | Aircraft Maintenance Hangar Fort Liberty (Fort Bragg) · NC | Department of Defense · Military Construction, Army | Representative Richard Hudson NC | $61.00M |
| 2024 | Advanced Helicopter Training System Hangar Naval Air Station Whiting Field · FL | Department of Defense · Military Construction, Navy and Marine Corps | Representative Matthew Gaetz FL | $50.00M |
| 2024 | Waterfront Production Facility: Planning and Design Joint Base Pearl Harbor-Hickam · HI | Department of Defense · Military Construction, Navy and Marine Corps | Senator Mazie Hirono HI | $49.08M |
| 2024 | Somerset Northern Bypass KY · KY | Department of Transportation · Highway Infrastructure Programs | Representative Harold Rogers KY | $45.00M |
| 2024 | I-81 Corridor Improvements VA · VA | Department of Transportation · Highway Infrastructure Programs | Representative Benjamin Cline VA | $42.00M |
| 2024 | Adv Individual Training Barracks Complex: Cost to Complete Fort Novosel (Fort Rucker) · AL | Department of Defense · Military Construction, Army | Senator Katie Britt AL | $41.20M |
| 2024 | Locks and Dams 2, 3, 4, Monongahela River, PA U.S. Army Corps of Engineers · PA | Army Corps of Engineers · Construction | Senator Shelley Capito WV, Senator Robert Casey PA, Representative Guy Reschenthaler PA | $41.00M |
| 2024 | Network Enterprise Center Fort Hunter Liggett · CA | Department of Defense · Military Construction, Army Reserve | Senator Dianne Feinstein CA, Representative Zoe Lofgren CA | $40.00M |
| 2024 | Murrieta Creek, CA U.S. Army Corps of Engineers · CA | Army Corps of Engineers · Construction | Senator Alejandro Padilla CA, Representative Darrell Issa CA | $39.33M |
| 2024 | J. Bennett Johnston Waterway, LA U.S. Army Corps of Engineers · LA | Army Corps of Engineers · Operation and Maintenance | Senator John Kennedy LA | $36.50M |
| 2024 | Max Westheimer Airport Improvements University of Oklahoma Westheimer Airport (OUN) · OK | Department of Transportation · Grants-in-Aid for Airports | Representative Tom Cole OK | $36.46M |
| 2024 | Child Development Center Fort Liberty (Fort Bragg) · NC | Department of Defense · Military Construction, Army | Senator Thomas Tillis NC, Representative Richard Hudson NC | $36.00M |
| 2024 | Little Wood River, ID U.S. Army Corps of Engineers · ID | Army Corps of Engineers · Construction | Representative Michael Simpson ID | $33.55M |
| 2024 | Well and Storage Tanks Helemano Military Reservation · HI | Department of Defense · Military Construction, Army | Senator Mazie Hirono HI, Senator Brian Schatz HI | $33.00M |
| 2024 | Blood Processing Center Replacement Dover Air Force Base · DE | Department of Defense · Military Construction, Defense-Wide (DHA) | Senator Thomas Carper DE, Senator Christopher Coons DE | $30.60M |
| 2024 | National Guard Readiness Center North Kingstown · RI | Department of Defense · Military Construction, Army National Guard | Senator John Reed RI | $30.00M |
| 2024 | Black Hills Housing Trust Fund South Dakota Ellsworth Development Authority · SD | Department of Housing and Urban Development · Community Development Fund | Senator Marion Rounds SD, Senator John Thune SD | $30.00M |
| 2024 | Houston Ship Channel, TX U.S. Army Corps of Engineers · TX | Army Corps of Engineers · Operation and Maintenance | Representative Brian Babin TX | $29.75M |
| 2024 | I-35 Interchange and Widening in McClain County OK · OK | Department of Transportation · Highway Infrastructure Programs | Representative Tom Cole OK | $29.00M |
| 2024 | Aerospace Innovation and Training Hub Kansas State University Salina · KS | Department of Commerce · NIST–Construction of Research Facilities | Senator Jerry Moran KS | $28.00M |
| 2024 | Morganza to the Gulf, LA U.S. Army Corps of Engineers · LA | Army Corps of Engineers · Mississippi River and Tributaries | Senator Bill Cassidy LA, Representative Garret Graves LA, Representative Steve Scalise LA | $28.00M |
| 2024 | Yazoo Basin, Delta Headwaters Project, MS U.S. Army Corps of Engineers · MS | Army Corps of Engineers · Mississippi River and Tributaries | Senator Cindy Hyde-Smith MS | $27.70M |
| 2024 | US 385 Improvements SD · SD | Department of Transportation · Highway Infrastructure Programs | Senator Marion Rounds SD, Senator John Thune SD | $26.75M |
| 2024 | Charleston Harbor, SC U.S. Army Corps of Engineers · SC | Army Corps of Engineers · Construction | Senator Lindsey Graham SC | $25.00M |
| 2024 | AMC Standard Dual Bay Hangar: Planning and Design Eielson Air Force Base · AK | Department of Defense · Military Construction, Air National Guard | Senator Lisa Murkowski AK | $25.00M |
| 2024 | ARS National Center for Resilient and Regenerative Precision Agriculture USDA Agricultural Research Service co-located facility with University of Nebraska-Lincoln · NE | Department of Agriculture · Buildings and Facilities | Senator Debra Fischer NE, Representative Mike Flood NE | $25.00M |
| 2024 | McClellan-Kerr Arkansas River Navigation System, OK U.S. Army Corps of Engineers · OK | Army Corps of Engineers · Operation and Maintenance | Senator Markwayne Mullin OK, Representative Stephanie Bice OK | $24.96M |
| 2024 | Houston Ship Channel, TX U.S. Army Corps of Engineers · TX | Army Corps of Engineers · Construction | Representative Wesley Hunt TX, Representative Sheila Jackson Lee TX | $24.81M |
| 2024 | Lakes Marion and Moultrie, Section 219, SC U.S. Army Corps of Engineers · SC | Army Corps of Engineers · Construction | Senator Lindsey Graham SC, Representative James Clyburn SC | $23.77M |
| 2024 | Sioux Metro Growth Alliance for Wastewater Infrastructure Improvements · SD | Environmental Protection Agency · State and Tribal Assistance Grants—Clean Water State Revolving Fund | Senator John Thune SD | $23.60M |
| 2024 | Clearwell and Booster Pump Fort Shafter · HI | Department of Defense · Military Construction, Army | Senator Mazie Hirono HI, Senator Brian Schatz HI, Representative Ed Case HI | $23.00M |
| 2024 | Charleston International Airport (CHS) Charleston County Aviation Authority (CHS) · SC | Department of Transportation · Grants-in-Aid for Airports | Senator Lindsey Graham SC | $23.00M |
| 2024 | Sault Sainte Marie (New Soo Lock), MI U.S. Army Corps of Engineers · MI | Army Corps of Engineers · Construction | Representative John Bergman MI, Representative John James MI | $22.42M |
| 2024 | Kansas National Security Innovation Center KU Innovation Park · KS | Department of Commerce · NIST–Construction of Research Facilities | Senator Jerry Moran KS | $22.00M |
| 2024 | National Guard Readiness Center Southaven · MS | Department of Defense · Military Construction, Army National Guard | Senator Roger Wicker MS | $22.00M |
| 2024 | Security Forces Facility Dobbins Air Reserve Base · GA | Department of Defense · Military Construction, Air Force Reserve | Senator Thomas Ossoff GA, Senator Raphael Warnock GA, Representative Barry Loudermilk GA | $22.00M |
| 2024 | Water Storage Tank Schofield Barracks · HI | Department of Defense · Military Construction, Army | Senator Mazie Hirono HI, Senator Brian Schatz HI | $21.00M |
| 2024 | Apalachicola, Chattahoochee, and Flint Rivers, GA, AL and FL (George W. Andrews Lock) U.S. Army Corps of Engineers · AL, GA, FL | Army Corps of Engineers · Operation and Maintenance | Senator Katie Britt AL, Senator Thomas Tuberville AL | $20.68M |
| 2024 | Presque Isle International Airport (PQI) Presque Isle International Airport (PQI) · ME | Department of Transportation · Grants-in-Aid for Airports | Senator Susan Collins ME, Senator Angus King ME | $20.46M |
| 2024 | Baltimore Avenue Improvement Project MD · MD | Department of Transportation · Highway Infrastructure Programs | Representative Andy Harris MD | $20.00M |
| 2024 | Grand Prairie Region, AR U.S. Army Corps of Engineers · AR | Army Corps of Engineers · Mississippi River and Tributaries | Senator John Boozman AR | $20.00M |
| 2024 | Special Tactics Complex Phase 3 Portland International Airport · OR | Department of Defense · Military Construction, Air National Guard | Senator Jeff Merkley OR, Senator Ronald Wyden OR | $20.00M |
| 2024 | Blackfeet Nation Tribal Center Project Blackfeet Nation · MT | Department of Housing and Urban Development · Community Development Fund | Representative Ryan Zinke MT | $20.00M |
| 2024 | SR-167 Improvements AL · AL | Department of Transportation · Highway Infrastructure Programs | Senator Katie Britt AL | $20.00M |
| 2024 | Rapid City Airport (RAP) Passenger Terminal Expansion Rapid City Airport (RAP) · SD | Department of Transportation · Grants-in-Aid for Airports | Senator Marion Rounds SD | $20.00M |
| 2024 | McCook & Thorton Reservoirs, IL U.S. Army Corps of Engineers · IL | Army Corps of Engineers · Construction | Senator Richard Durbin IL | $20.00M |
| 2024 | Barracks: Planning and Design Fort Cavazos (Fort Hood) · TX | Department of Defense · Military Construction, Army | Representative John Carter TX | $19.80M |
| 2024 | Bayou Meto Basin, AR U.S. Army Corps of Engineers · AR | Army Corps of Engineers · Mississippi River and Tributaries | Senator John Boozman AR | $19.00M |
| 2024 | Tennessee-Tombigbee Waterway (TTWW), AL & MS U.S. Army Corps of Engineers · MS, AL | Army Corps of Engineers · Operation and Maintenance | Senator Katie Britt AL | $18.40M |
| 2024 | Brunswick Harbor, GA U.S. Army Corps of Engineers · GA | Army Corps of Engineers · Operation and Maintenance | Senator Raphael Warnock GA | $18.32M |
| 2024 | Combat Alert Cell: Planning and Design Joint Base Elmendorf-Richardson · AK | Department of Defense · Military Construction, Air Force | Senator Lisa Murkowski AK | $18.10M |
| 2024 | Acquisition Management Complex Phase V: Planning and Design Wright-Patterson Air Force Base · OH | Department of Defense · Military Construction, Air Force | Senator Sherrod Brown OH, Representative Michael Turner OH | $18.00M |
| 2024 | Eisenhower Presidential Library & Museum Campus Improvements Eisenhower Presidential Library & Museum · KS | National Archives and Records Administration · National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) | Senator Jerry Moran KS | $17.50M |
| 2024 | Elevated Tank and Distribution Line Schofield Barracks · HI | Department of Defense · Military Construction, Army | Senator Mazie Hirono HI, Senator Brian Schatz HI | $16.00M |
| 2024 | Old Town Llewellyn Estes Bridge Replacement ME · ME | Department of Transportation · Highway Infrastructure Programs | Senator Susan Collins ME, Senator Angus King ME | $15.75M |
| 2024 | Consolidated Munitions Complex: Planning and Design Eielson Air Force Base · AK | Department of Defense · Military Construction, Air Force | Senator Lisa Murkowski AK | $15.10M |
| 2024 | Community Housing of Maine, Inc., ME, for facilities and equipment · ME | Department of Health and Human Services · Health Resources and Services Administration | Senator Susan Collins ME | $15.00M |
| 2024 | New Century AirCenter (IXD) Air Traffic Control Tower New Century AirCenter (IXD) · KS | Department of Transportation · Facilities and Equipment | Senator Jerry Moran KS | $15.00M |
| 2024 | Marshall University Research Corporation, WV, for facilities and equipment · WV | Department of Health and Human Services · Health Resources and Services Administration | Senator Shelley Capito WV, Senator Joe Manchin WV | $15.00M |
| 2024 | Lyon College, AR, for facilities and equipment · AR | Department of Health and Human Services · Health Resources and Services Administration | Senator John Boozman AR | $15.00M |
| 2024 | Interstate 35/14 Expansion TX · TX | Department of Transportation · Highway Infrastructure Programs | Representative John Carter TX | $15.00M |
| 2024 | St. Bernard Transportation Corridor LA · LA | Department of Transportation · Highway Infrastructure Programs | Senator John Kennedy LA | $15.00M |
| 2024 | Charleston Area Medical Center Inc., WV, for facilities and equipment to improve neurological care · WV | Department of Health and Human Services · Health Resources and Services Administration | Senator Shelley Capito WV, Senator Joe Manchin WV | $15.00M |
| 2024 | University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff, AR, for facilities and equipment · AR | Department of Health and Human Services · Health Resources and Services Administration | Senator John Boozman AR | $15.00M |
| 2024 | LRSO Hardware Software Development & Test Facility Eglin Air Force Base · FL | Department of Defense · Military Construction, Air Force | Representative Michael Waltz FL | $14.60M |
| 2024 | Wiscasset-Augusta State Route 27 Rehabilitation ME · ME | Department of Transportation · Highway Infrastructure Programs | Senator Susan Collins ME, Senator Angus King ME | $14.40M |
| 2024 | Belgrade-New Sharon State Route 27 Rehabilitation ME · ME | Department of Transportation · Highway Infrastructure Programs | Senator Susan Collins ME, Senator Angus King ME | $14.40M |
| 2024 | Joint Pacific Alaska Range Complex Ops Facility: Planning and Design Eielson Air Force Base · AK | Department of Defense · Military Construction, Air Force | Senator Lisa Murkowski AK | $13.50M |
| 2024 | Multipurpose Athletic Field Fort Johnson (Fort Polk) · LA | Department of Defense · Military Construction, Army | Senator John Kennedy LA | $13.40M |
| 2024 | City of Greenville for Wastewater System Rehabilitation · MS | Environmental Protection Agency · State and Tribal Assistance Grants—Clean Water State Revolving Fund | Senator Roger Wicker MS | $13.20M |
| 2024 | Community STEM Facility University of North Alabama · AL | Department of Housing and Urban Development · Community Development Fund | Representative Robert Aderholt AL | $13.00M |
| 2024 | RM 2243 Resiliency Project TX · TX | Department of Transportation · Highway Infrastructure Programs | Representative John Carter TX | $13.00M |
| 2024 | Farmington-Eustis State Route 27 Rehabilitation ME · ME | Department of Transportation · Highway Infrastructure Programs | Senator Susan Collins ME, Senator Angus King ME | $13.00M |
| 2024 | Heartland Expressway Improvements NE · NE | Department of Transportation · Highway Infrastructure Programs | Senator Debra Fischer NE | $12.87M |
| 2024 | Milbridge-Harrington US Route 1A Reconstruction ME · ME | Department of Transportation · Highway Infrastructure Programs | Senator Susan Collins ME, Senator Angus King ME | $12.80M |
| 2024 | West Virginia University Research Corporation, WV, for facilities and equipment · WV | Department of Health and Human Services · Health Resources and Services Administration | Senator Shelley Capito WV, Senator Joe Manchin WV | $12.60M |
| 2024 | Corridor H (Wardensville—VA State Line) WV · WV | Department of Transportation · Highway Infrastructure Programs | Senator Shelley Capito WV, Senator Joe Manchin WV | $12.50M |
| 2024 | Desoto County, Section 219, MS U.S. Army Corps of Engineers · MS | Army Corps of Engineers · Construction | Senator Cindy Hyde-Smith MS, Senator Roger Wicker MS | $12.30M |
| 2024 | Henderson Airport Runway Extension Henderson City-County Airport (EHR) · KY | Department of Transportation · Grants-in-Aid for Airports | Representative James Comer KY | $12.14M |
| 2024 | Black Warrior and Tombigbee (BWT) Rivers, AL U.S. Army Corps of Engineers · AL | Army Corps of Engineers · Operation and Maintenance | Senator Katie Britt AL | $12.12M |
| 2024 | University of Arkansas—Rich Mountain, AR, for facilities and equipment · AR | Department of Health and Human Services · Health Resources and Services Administration | Senator John Boozman AR | $12.00M |
| 2024 | City of Fort Smith for Water Transmission Expansion · AR | Environmental Protection Agency · State and Tribal Assistance Grants—Drinking Water State Revolving Fund | Senator John Boozman AR | $12.00M |
| 2024 | Lewis and Clark Rural Water System, IA, MN, SD Bureau of Reclamation · IA, MN, SD | Department of the Interior · Water and Related Resources | Senator Amy Klobuchar MN, Senator Marion Rounds SD, Senator Tina Smith MN, Senator John Thune SD | $12.00M |
| 2024 | Arkansas Game and Fish Commission for Shirey Bay Rainey Brake Wildlife Management Area · AR | Department of the Interior · Resource Management | Senator John Boozman AR | $11.80M |
| 2024 | Little Rock Port Authority Transload Yard Little Rock Port Authority · AR | Department of Transportation · Consolidated Rail Infrastructure and Safety Improvements | Senator John Boozman AR | $11.50M |
| 2024 | Brunswick Harbor Modification, Glynn County, GA U.S. Army Corps of Engineers · GA | Army Corps of Engineers · Construction | Senator Raphael Warnock GA, Representative Buddy Carter GA | $11.35M |
| 2024 | Mobile Harbor, AL U.S. Army Corps of Engineers · AL | Army Corps of Engineers · Operation and Maintenance | Senator Katie Britt AL | $11.25M |
| 2024 | Calaveras County, Section 219, CA U.S. Army Corps of Engineers · CA | Army Corps of Engineers · Construction | Senator Dianne Feinstein CA | $11.20M |
| 2024 | AnMed Health, SC, for facilities and equipment · SC | Department of Health and Human Services · Health Resources and Services Administration | Senator Lindsey Graham SC | $11.18M |
| 2024 | E/A–18G Aircraft Regional Service Facility: Planning and Design Naval Air Station Whidbey Island · WA | Department of Defense · Military Construction, Navy and Marine Corps | Senator Patty Murray WA | $11.10M |
| 2024 | Realignment of SR 22 AL · AL | Department of Transportation · Highway Infrastructure Programs | Senator Thomas Tuberville AL, Representative Michael Rogers AL | $11.10M |
Enacted earmarks from GAO's Tracking the Funds data (FY2022-FY2024). FY2025 had none (a full-year continuing resolution); FY2026's are enacted but not yet in GAO's data. Amounts are what the law provided, not what was spent. Source: GAO, Tracking the Funds. Requesters are matched to today's members of Congress by name and state; former members show as GAO wrote them.