SpendQueryBeta

48 CFR · Federal Acquisition Regulation and Defense supplement

FAR and DFARS navigator

The codified text (eCFR, as of 2026-10-02). Under the Revolutionary FAR Overhaul ↗, agencies follow class deviations with new text for many parts while the formal rules go through the Federal Register: check the solicitation and your contract's clauses, which rule.

Ask the FAR

Try: · · ·

Clear

43 sections with “Price reasonableness”: the first 40

  • DFARS 212.209 Determination of price reasonableness.
    …l conduct or obtain market research to support the determination of the reasonableness of price for commercial products and commercial services contained in any bid or offer submitted in response to an agency solicitation. To the extent nec…
  • FAR 12.209 Determination of price reasonableness.
    While the contracting officer must establish price reasonableness in accordance with 13.106-3, 14.408-2, or subpart 15.4, as applicable, the contracting officer should be aware of customary commercial terms and conditions when pricing comme…
  • FAR 14.408-2 Responsible bidder—reasonableness of price.
    …all determine that a prospective contractor is responsible (see subpart 9.1) and that the prices offered are reasonable before awarding the contract. The price analysis techniques in 15.404-1(b) may be used as guidelines. In each case the d…
  • FAR 25.106 Determining reasonableness of cost.
    …icer must determine the reasonableness of the cost of the domestic offer by adding to the price of the low offer, inclusive of duty— (A) 20 percent, if the lowest domestic offer is from a large business concern; or (B) 30 percent, if the …
  • FAR 8.405-2 Ordering procedures for services requiring a statement of work.
    …l. Ordering activities shall use the procedures in this subsection when ordering services priced at hourly rates as established by the schedule contracts. The applicable services will be identified in the Federal Supply Schedule publication…
  • FAR 8.405-3 Blanket purchase agreements (BPAs).
    …hat can provide the supply or service that represents the best value. (2) In addition to price (see 8.404(d) and 8.405-4), when determining best value, the ordering activity may consider, among other factors, the following: (i) Past perfo…
  • FAR 13.106-3 Award and documentation.
    … for award. Before making award, the contracting officer must determine that the proposed price is fair and reasonable. (1) Whenever possible, base price reasonableness on competitive quotations or offers. (2) If only one response is rece…
  • FAR 13.203 Purchase guidelines.
    …e contracting officer or individual appointed in accordance with 1.603-3(b) considers the price to be reasonable. (3) The administrative cost of verifying the reasonableness of the price for purchases may more than offset potential savings…
  • FAR 15.305 Proposal evaluation.
    …sks supporting proposal evaluation shall be documented in the contract file. (1) Cost or price evaluation. Normally, competition establishes price reasonableness. Therefore, when contracting on a firm-fixed-price or fixed-price with econom…
  • DFARS 204.7603 Procedures.
    The contracting officer shall consider price risk and supplier risk, if available in SPRS, as a part of the award decision. For procurement of an end product identified by a material identifier that is available as described at PGI 204.7603…
  • DFARS 215.402 Pricing policy.
    …ble for determining if the information provided by the offeror is sufficient to determine price reasonableness. This responsibility includes determining whether information on the prices at which the same or similar items have previously be…
  • DFARS 215.404-1 Proposal analysis techniques.
    …ts or support equipment, perform an analysis of— (A) Those line items where the proposed price exceeds by 25 percent or more the lowest price the Government has paid within the most recent 12-month period based on reasonably available data…
  • DFARS 225.870-4 Contracting procedures.
    …pricing data from the offeror, to the extent necessary to determine a fair and reasonable price. (i) No further approval is required to request data other than certified cost or pricing data from the Canadian Commercial Corporation in the …
  • DFARS 234.7002 Policy.
    …subsystem, component, or spare part, if available. (e) Relevant information to determine price reasonableness. For products relying on paragraph (3)(ii) of the “commercial product” definition at FAR 2.101, see FAR 15.403-1(c)(3)(iii)(C). S…
  • DFARS 252.215-7010 Requirements for Certified Cost or Pricing Data and Data Other Than Certified Cost or Pricing Data.
    …ost or Pricing Data—Basic (MAY 2024) (a) Definitions. As used in this provision— Market prices means current prices that are established in the course of ordinary trade between buyers and sellers free to bargain and that can be substantia…
  • DFARS 215.403-3 Requiring data other than certified cost or pricing data.
    … In accordance with 10 U.S.C. 2306a(d)— (1) Contracting officers shall not determine the price of a contract or subcontract to be fair and reasonable based solely on historical prices paid by the Government (see PGI 215.403-3(4)); and (4)…
  • DFARS 239.7406 Certified cost or pricing data and data other than certified cost or pricing data.
    … quoted by a common carrier for tariffed telecommunications services are considered to be prices set by regulation within the provisions of 10 U.S.C. 3703. This is true even if the tariff is set after execution of the contract. (b) Rates o…
  • DFARS 252.215-7008 Only One Offer.
    …it any additional cost or pricing data that is required in order to determine whether the price is fair and reasonable (10 U.S.C. 3705) or to comply with the statutory requirement for certified cost or pricing data (10 U.S.C. 3702 and FAR 1…
  • FAR 14.404-2 Rejection of individual bids.
    …ts, if total possible costs to the Government cannot be determined; (2) Fails to state a price and indicates that price shall be price in effect at time of delivery; (3) States a price but qualifies it as being subject to price in effect …
  • FAR 15.402 Pricing policy.
    …hall— (a) Purchase supplies and services from responsible sources at fair and reasonable prices. In establishing the reasonableness of the offered prices, the contracting officer— (1) Shall obtain certified cost or pricing data when requi…
  • FAR 15.403-1 Prohibition on obtaining certified cost or pricing data (10 U.S.C. chapter 271 and 41 U.S.C. chapter 35).
    … pricing data as defined in FAR 2.101 to support a determination of a fair and reasonable price or cost realism)— (1) When the contracting officer determines that prices agreed upon are based on adequate price competition (see standards in…
  • FAR 15.403-3 Requiring data other than certified cost or pricing data.
    …ernment or other secondary sources and use that data in determining a fair and reasonable price; (ii) Require submission of data other than certified cost or pricing data, as defined in 2.101, from the offeror to the extent necessary to de…
  • FAR 15.404-1 Proposal analysis techniques.
    (a) General. The objective of proposal analysis is to ensure that the final agreed-to price is fair and reasonable. (1) The contracting officer is responsible for evaluating the reasonableness of the offered prices. The analytical techniqu…
  • FAR 15.404-2 Data to support proposal analysis.
    …rmation available at the buying activity is inadequate to determine a fair and reasonable price. The contracting officer shall tailor requests to reflect the minimum essential supplementary information needed to conduct a technical or cost …
  • FAR 15.404-3 Subcontract pricing considerations.
    (a) The contracting officer is responsible for the determination of a fair and reasonable price for the prime contract, including subcontracting costs. The contracting officer should consider whether a contractor or subcontractor has an app…
  • FAR 15.408 Solicitation provisions and contract clauses.
    …alue, the contracting officer shall use the clause with— (1) Its Alternate I, if a fixed-price incentive contract is contemplated; or (2) Its Alternate II, if a cost-plus-incentive-fee contract is contemplated. (b) Price Reduction for De…
  • FAR 52.215-20 Requirements for Certified Cost or Pricing Data and Data Other Than Certified Cost or Pricing Data.
    …the extent necessary to determine whether an exception should be granted, and whether the price is fair and reasonable. (i) Identification of the law or regulation establishing the price offered. If the price is controlled under law by per…
  • FAR 52.215-21 Requirements for Certified Cost or Pricing Data and Data Other Than Certified Cost or Pricing Data—Modifications.
    …u of submitting certified cost or pricing data for modifications under this contract, for price adjustments expected to exceed the threshold set forth in Federal Acquisition Regulation (FAR) 15.403-4(a)(1) on the date of the agreement on pr…
  • DFARS 215.401 Definitions.
    As used in this subpart— Market prices means current prices that are established in the course of ordinary trade between buyers and sellers free to bargain and that can be substantiated through competition or from sources independent of th…
  • DFARS 215.403-1 Prohibition on obtaining certified cost or pricing data (10 U.S.C. chapter 271 and 41 U.S.C. chapter 35).
    …c) Standards for exceptions from certified cost or pricing data requirements—(1) Adequate price competition. (A) For acquisitions under dual or multiple source programs— (1) The determination of adequate price competition must be made on …
  • DFARS 225.7304 FMS customer involvement.
    …ial warranty provisions or other requirements unique to the FMS customer; and (4) Review prices of varying alternatives, quantities, and options needed to make price-performance tradeoffs. (c) Do not disclose to the FMS customer any data,…
  • DFARS 244.305-70 Policy.
    …nd submit a corrected proposal; (ii) Considering another type of contract, e.g., a fixed-price incentive (firm target) contract instead of firm-fixed-price; (iii) Using additional cost analysis techniques to determine the reasonableness o…
  • DFARS 252.215-7003 Requirement for Submission of Data Other Than Certified Cost or Pricing Data—Canadian Commercial Corporation.
    …Services Canada to the Canadian Commercial Corporation to determine a fair and reasonable price (comparable to the analysis required at FAR 15.404-1). (iii) Data other than certified cost or pricing data necessary to permit a determination…
  • FAR 14.404-1 Cancellation of invitations after opening.
    …on. This will permit bidders to change their bids and prevent unnecessary exposure of bid prices. (3) As a general rule, after the opening of bids, an invitation should not be cancelled and resolicited due solely to increased requirements …
  • FAR 31.205-6 Compensation for personal services.
    … in effect, an agreement to make such payments. (i) Compensation based on changes in the prices of corporate securities or corporate security ownership, such as stock options, stock appreciation rights, phantom stock plans, and junior stoc…
  • FAR 36.601-3 Applicable contracting procedures.
    …amount of recovered materials consistent with the performance requirements, availability, price reasonableness, and cost-effectiveness. Where appropriate, the statement of work also shall require the architect-engineer to consider energy co…
  • DFARS 210.001 Policy.
    …); and (ii) Contracting officers shall use market research, where appropriate, to inform price reasonableness determinations (see 212.209 and 234.7002). (c)(2) In addition to the notification requirements at FAR 10.001(c)(2)(i) and (ii), …
  • DFARS 242.7502 Policy.
    …ficer who incorporates a reopener clause into the contract is responsible for negotiating price adjustments required by the clause. Any reopener clause necessitated by a deficiency should— (i) Clearly identify the amounts and items that ar…
  • FAR 25.204 Evaluating offers of foreign construction material.
    …he agency specifies a higher percentage, the contracting officer shall add to the offered price 20 percent of the cost of any foreign construction material proposed for exception from the requirements of the Buy American statute based on th…
  • FAR 4.1703 Reporting requirements.
    …with an estimated total value above the simplified acquisition threshold. (ii) All fixed-price service contracts awarded and orders issued according to the following thresholds: (A) Awarded or issued in Fiscal Year 2014, with an estimated…

FAR (chapter 1)

DFARS (chapter 2, Defense)

Source: eCFR, 48 CFR chapters 1 and 2 (GPO GovInfo bulk data) ↗. Rule changes in progress: FAR, DFARS. Terms: glossary.