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48 CFR · Federal Acquisition Regulation and Defense supplement

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The codified text (eCFR, as of 2026-10-02). Under the Revolutionary FAR Overhaul ↗, agencies follow class deviations with new text for many parts while the formal rules go through the Federal Register: check the solicitation and your contract's clauses, which rule.

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646 sections with “low offer”: the first 40

  • FAR 25.204 Evaluating offers of foreign construction material.
    …tion material offer or there is no domestic construction material offer received, and the low offer is for foreign construction material that does not exceed 55 percent domestic content, the contracting officer shall— (A) Treat the lowest …
  • FAR 25.503 Group offers.
    … determining a tentative award pattern by selecting for each line item the offer with the lowest evaluated price. (2) Evaluate an offer that specifies an award restriction against the offered prices of the tentative award pattern, applying…
  • DFARS 225.7703-3 Evaluating offers.
    …he provision at 252.225-7023, Preference for Products or Services from Afghanistan, as follows: (a) If the low offer is an offer of a product or service from Afghanistan, award on that offer. (b) If there are no offers of a product or ser…
  • FAR 13.106-2 Evaluation of quotations or offers.
    …ation or existence of a formal data base; and (ii) May be based on one or more of the following: (A) The contracting officer's knowledge of and previous experience with the supply or service being acquired; (B) Customer surveys, and past…
  • FAR 15.101-2 Lowest price technically acceptable source selection process.
    (a) The lowest price technically acceptable source selection process is appropriate when best value is expected to result from selection of the technically acceptable proposal with the lowest evaluated price. (b) When using the lowest pric…
  • FAR 52.212-1 Instructions to Offerors—Commercial Products and Commercial Services.
    As prescribed in 12.301(b)(1), insert the following provision: Instructions to Offerors—Commercial Products and Commercial Services (SEP 2023) (a) North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) code and small business size standard…
  • FAR 52.212-3 Offeror Representations and Certifications—Commercial Products and Commercial Services.
    As prescribed in 12.301(b)(2), insert the following provision: Offeror Representations and Certifications—Commercial Products and Commercial Services (OCT 2025) The Offeror shall complete only paragraph (b) of this provision if the Offero…
  • FAR 52.215-1 Instructions to Offerors—Competitive Acquisition.
    As prescribed in 15.209(a), insert the following provision: Instructions to Offerors—Competitive Acquisition (NOV 2021) (a) Definitions. As used in this provision— Discussions are negotiations that occur after establishment of the compet…
  • FAR 52.247-51 Evaluation of Export Offers.
    As prescribed in 47.305-6(e), insert the following provision: Evaluation of Export Offers (JAN 2001) (a) Port handling and ocean charges—other than DOD water terminals. Port handling and ocean charges in tariffs on file with the Bureau of…
  • FAR 12.205 Offers.
    …ercial services in lieu of unique technical proposals. (b) Contracting officers should allow offerors to propose multiple offers that will meet a Government need in response to solicitations for commercial products or commercial services. …
  • FAR 25.106 Determining reasonableness of cost.
    …d do not contain critical components. (1)(i) If there is a domestic offer that is not the low offer, and the restrictions of the Buy American statute apply to the low offer, the contracting officer must determine the reasonableness of the c…
  • FAR 25.502 Application.
    (a) Unless otherwise specified in agency regulations, perform the following steps in the order presented: (1) Eliminate all offers or offerors that are unacceptable for reasons other than price; e.g., nonresponsive, debarred or suspended, …
  • FAR 25.504-3 FTA/Israeli Trade Act.
    (a) Example 1. Analysis: Since the low offer is an eligible offer, award on the low offer (see 25.502(c)(1)). (b) Example 2. Analysis: Since the acquisition is not covered by the WTO GPA , the contracting officer can consider the nonelig…
  • FAR 25.504-4 Group award basis.
    …TEP 1: Evaluate Offers A & B before considering Offer C and determine which offer has the lowest evaluated cost for each line item (the tentative award pattern): Item 1: Low offer A is domestic; select A. Item 2: Low offer B is eligible; …
  • FAR 52.204-17 Ownership or Control of Offeror.
    As prescribed in 4.1804(b), use the following provision: Ownership or Control of Offeror (AUG 2020) (a) Definitions. As used in this provision— Commercial and Government Entity (CAGE) code means— (1) An identifier assigned to entities l…
  • FAR 52.217-12 Reverse Auction Services.
    As prescribed in 17.805(c), insert the following clause: Reverse Auction Services (AUG 2024) (a) Definitions. Government data means any information, document, media, or machine-readable material regardless of physical form or characteris…
  • FAR 52.225-9 Buy American—Construction Materials.
    As prescribed in 25.1102(a), insert the following clause: Buy American—Construction Materials (OCT 2022) (a) Definitions. As used in this clause— Commercially available off-the-shelf (COTS) item—(1) Means any item of supply (including co…
  • FAR 52.225-11 Buy American—Construction Materials Under Trade Agreements.
    As prescribed in 25.1102(c), insert the following clause: Buy American—Construction Materials Under Trade Agreements (NOV 2023) (a) Definitions. As used in this clause— Caribbean Basin country construction material means a construction m…
  • DFARS 225.502 Application.
    … Asian states listed in 225.401-70 the same as qualifying country offers. (b) Use the following procedures instead of the procedures in FAR 25.502(b) for acquisitions subject to the World Trade Organization Government Procurement Agreement…
  • DFARS 252.236-7007 Additive or deductive items.
    As prescribed in 236.570(b)(5), use the following provision: Additive or Deductive Items (DEC 1991) (a) The low offeror and the items to be awarded shall be determined as follows— (1) Prior to the opening of bids, the Government will det…
  • FAR 15.306 Exchanges with offerors after receipt of proposals.
    …e is uncertain; (2) May be conducted to enhance Government understanding of proposals; allow reasonable interpretation of the proposal; or facilitate the Government's evaluation process. Such communications shall not be used to cure propos…
  • FAR 25.504-1 Buy American statute.
    …nt factor to Offer C (see 25.106(b)(2)). The resulting evaluated price of $13,130 remains lower than Offer B. The cost of Offer B is therefore unreasonable (see 25.106(b)(1)(ii)). The 25.106(b)(2) procedures do not apply. Award on Offer C a…
  • FAR 2.101 Definitions.
    … Federal operations. All advisory and assistance services are classified in one of the following definitional subdivisions: (1) Management and professional support services, i.e., contractual services that provide assistance, advice or tra…
  • FAR 4.2103 Procedures.
    …ing officer has a reason to question the representation, the contracting officer shall follow agency procedures. (ii) If the offeror selects “does” in paragraph (c)(1) of the provision at 52.204-26 or paragraph (v)(2)(i) of the provision a…
  • FAR 5.207 Preparation and transmittal of synopses.
    (a) Content. Each synopsis transmitted to the GPE must address the following data elements, as applicable: (1) Action Code. (2) Date. (3) Year. (4) Contracting Office ZIP Code. (5) Product or Service Code. (6) Contracting Office Addre…
  • FAR 8.402 General.
    …ystem, is a part of a suite of online tools which complement GSA Advantage!. GSA's eBuy allows ordering activities to post requirements, obtain quotes, and issue orders electronically. Posting an RFQ on eBuy— (i) Is one medium for providin…
  • FAR 8.405-3 Blanket purchase agreements (BPAs).
    …n determining best value, the ordering activity may consider, among other factors, the following: (i) Past performance. (ii) Special features of the supply or service required for effective program performance. (iii) Trade-in considerati…
  • FAR 12.207 Contract type.
    …le; and (3) When making a change that modifies the general scope of— (i) A contract, follow the procedures at 6.303; (ii) An order issued under the Federal Supply Schedules, follow the procedures at 8.405-6; or (iii) An order issued und…
  • FAR 12.603 Streamlined solicitation for commercial products or commercial services.
    (a) When a written solicitation will be issued, the contracting officer may use the following procedure to reduce the time required to solicit and award contracts for the acquisition of commercial products or commercial services. This proce…
  • FAR 15.404-4 Profit.
    …total remuneration that contractors may receive for contract performance over and above allowable costs. This potential remuneration element and the Government's estimate of allowable costs to be incurred in contract performance together eq…
  • FAR 15.407-2 Make-or-buy programs.
    …e, including planning, placing, and administering subcontracts as necessary to ensure the lowest overall cost and technical risk to the Government. When make-or-buy programs are required, the Government may reserve the right to review and a…
  • FAR 15.408 Solicitation provisions and contract clauses.
    …rity of Unit Prices, in solicitations and contracts except for— (i) Acquisitions at or below the simplified acquisition threshold; (ii) Construction or architect-engineer services under part 36; (iii) Utility services under part 41; (iv…
  • FAR 16.505 Ordering.
    …e, if the contract or order is for services (see 37.102(a) and subpart 37.6). (4) The following requirements apply when procuring items peculiar to one manufacturer: (i) The contracting officer must justify restricting consideration to an…
  • FAR 17.802 Policy.
    …on. When using the reverse auction process, contracting officers are still required to follow the acquisition policies and procedures (e.g., those prescribed in subpart 8.4 or 16.5, or part 13 or 15), as appropriate for the particular acqui…
  • FAR 17.804 Procedures.
    …ity subsequent to an award resulting from the auction (see 3.104-4(a) and (e)(1)); (2) Allow offerors the opportunity to continually revise their prices downward during the reverse auction until the close of the auction; and (3) Allow an …
  • FAR 19.804-2 Agency offering.
    …or the agency to meet its responsibilities. The offering letter shall also contain the following information applicable to each prospective contract: (1) A description of the work to be performed or items to be delivered, and a copy of the…
  • FAR 19.815 Release and notification requirements for non-8(a) procurement.
    (a) Once a requirement has been accepted by SBA into the 8(a) program, any follow-on requirements (see definition at 13 CFR 124.3) shall remain in the 8(a) program unless— (1) SBA agrees to release the requirement from the 8(a) program for…
  • FAR 22.1003-4 Administrative limitations, variations, tolerances, and exemptions.
    …ecretary of Labor may provide reasonable limitations and may make rules and regulations allowing reasonable variations, tolerances, and exemptions to and from any or all provisions of the Service Contract Labor Standards statute other than …
  • FAR 25.003 Definitions.
    As used in this part— Caribbean Basin country means any of the following countries: Antigua and Barbuda, Aruba, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Bonaire, British Virgin Islands, Curacao, Dominica, Grenada, Guyana, Haiti, Jamaica, Montserrat, Sab…
  • FAR 25.101 General.
    …ets the domestic content test in paragraph (a)(2) of this section. (c) Exceptions that allow the purchase of a foreign end product are listed at 25.103. The unreasonable cost exception is implemented through the use of an evaluation factor…

FAR (chapter 1)

DFARS (chapter 2, Defense)

Source: eCFR, 48 CFR chapters 1 and 2 (GPO GovInfo bulk data) ↗. Rule changes in progress: FAR, DFARS. Terms: glossary.