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48 CFR · Federal Acquisition Regulation and Defense supplement

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The codified text (eCFR, as of 2026-10-02). Under the Revolutionary FAR Overhaul ↗, agencies follow class deviations with new text for many parts while the formal rules go through the Federal Register: check the solicitation and your contract's clauses, which rule.

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41 sections with “Substantial benefits”: the first 40

  • FAR 7.107-3 Bundling.
    (a) Bundling may provide substantial benefits to the Government. However, because of the potential impact on small business participation, before conducting an acquisition strategy that involves bundling, the agency shall make a written det…
  • FAR 7.107-4 Substantial bundling.
    (a)(1) Substantial bundling is any bundling that results in a contract or task or delivery order with an estimated value of— (i) $8 million or more for the Department of Defense; (ii) $6 million or more for the National Aeronautics and Sp…
  • FAR 7.107-2 Consolidation.
    (a) Consolidation may provide substantial benefits to the Government. However, because of the potential impact on small business participation, before conducting an acquisition that is a consolidation of requirements with an estimated total…
  • FAR 2.101 Definitions.
    …ng agency determines the product was developed exclusively at private expense and sold in substantial quantities, on a competitive basis, to multiple State and local governments or to multiple foreign governments. Commercial service means—…
  • FAR 22.1003-4 Administrative limitations, variations, tolerances, and exemptions.
    …ns, airplanes, buses, and vessels over regularly established routes and accounts for an insubstantial portion of the revenue therefrom. (2) Any contract entered into by the U.S. Postal Service with an individual owner-operator for mail ser…
  • FAR 25.003 Definitions.
    … an article that consists in whole or in part of materials from another country, has been substantially transformed in a Caribbean Basin country into a new and different article of commerce with a name, character, or use distinct from that …
  • FAR 52.222-41 Service Contract Labor Standards.
    …t succeeds a contract subject to the Service Contract Labor Standards statute under which substantially the same services were furnished in the same locality and service employees were paid wages and fringe benefits provided for in a collec…
  • FAR 52.225-5 Trade Agreements.
    … an article that consists in whole or in part of materials from another country, has been substantially transformed in a Caribbean Basin country into a new and different article of commerce with a name, character, or use distinct from that …
  • DFARS 252.225-7021 Trade Agreements.
    … an article that consists in whole or in part of materials from another country, has been substantially transformed in a Caribbean Basin country into a new and different article of commerce with a name, character, or use distinct from that …
  • FAR 31.205-6 Compensation for personal services.
    …f their immediate families; and (B) Persons who are contractually committed to acquire a substantial financial interest in the contractor's enterprise. (ii) For these individuals, compensation must— (A) Be reasonable for the personal ser…
  • FAR 7.107-5 Notifications.
    …7.107-2 for the required content of the determination. (d) Notification to the public of substantial bundling of contract requirements. The head of the agency shall publish in the GPE— (1) A notice that the agency has determined that a pr…
  • FAR 22.1008-2 Successorship with incumbent contractor collective bargaining agreement.
    …llowing conditions: (1) The services to be furnished under the proposed contract will be substantially the same as services being furnished by an incumbent contractor whose contract the proposed contract will succeed. (2) The services wil…
  • FAR 22.1021 Requests for hearing.
    …e and Hour Division, U.S. Department of Labor, Washington, DC 20210. (b) A request for a substantial variance hearing shall include sufficient data to show that the rates at issue vary substantially from those prevailing for similar servic…
  • FAR 45.101 Definitions.
    …tendents, or equivalent representatives who have supervision or direction of— (1) All or substantially all of the contractor's business; (2) All or substantially all of the contractor's operation at any one plant or separate location; or …
  • FAR 52.245-1 Government Property.
    …tendents, or equivalent representatives who have supervision or direction of— (1) All or substantially all of the Contractor's business; (2) All or substantially all of the Contractor's operation at any one plant or separate location; or …
  • DFARS 205.205-70 Notification of bundling of DoD contracts.
    …tent to bundle the requirement. In addition, if the agency has determined that measurably substantial benefits are expected to be derived as a result of bundling, the notification shall include a brief description of those benefits (see FAR…
  • FAR 16.203-4 Contract clauses.
    …) The contracting officer shall, when contracting by negotiation, insert a clause that is substantially the same as the clause at 52.216-4, Economic Price Adjustment—Labor and Material, or an agency-prescribed clause as authorized in subpar…
  • FAR 22.404-12 Labor standards for contracts containing construction requirements and option provisions that extend the term of the contract.
    … an option to extend the term of a contract for construction, or a contract that includes substantial and segregable construction work, the contracting officer must modify the contract to incorporate the most current wage determination. (b…
  • FAR 22.1002-3 Wage determinations based on collective bargaining agreements.
    (a) Successor contractors performing on contracts in excess of $2,500 for substantially the same services performed in the same locality must pay wages and fringe benefits (including accrued wages and benefits and prospective increases) at …
  • FAR 27.302 Policy.
    …bject invention or produced through the use of the subject invention will be manufactured substantially in the United States. However, in individual cases, the requirement for this agreement may be waived by the agency upon a showing by the…
  • FAR 52.212-3 Offeror Representations and Certifications—Commercial Products and Commercial Services.
    … sold or traded by the offeror (or subcontractor in the case of an exempt subcontract) in substantial quantities to the general public in the course of normal business operations; (ii) The services will be furnished at prices which are, or…
  • FAR 52.222-27 Affirmative Action Compliance Requirements for Construction.
    …ographical area where that work is actually performed. The Contractor is expected to make substantially uniform progress toward its goals in each craft. (e) Neither the terms and conditions of any collective bargaining agreement, nor the f…
  • FAR 52.227-11 Patent Rights—Ownership by the Contractor.
    …bject invention or produced through the use of the subject invention will be manufactured substantially in the United States. However, in individual cases, the requirement for an agreement may be waived by the agency upon a showing by the C…
  • FAR 52.227-13 Patent Rights—Ownership by the Government.
    …bject invention or produced through the use of the subject invention will be manufactured substantially in the United States. However, in individual cases, the requirement may be waived by the agency upon a showing by the Contractor or assi…
  • FAR 52.232-7 Payments under Time-and-Materials and Labor-Hour Contracts.
    …on to believe that the total price to the Government for performing this contract will be substantially greater or less than the then stated ceiling price, the Contractor shall so notify the Contracting Officer, giving a revised estimate of…
  • DFARS 252.227-7038 Patent Rights—Ownership by the Contractor (Large Business).
    …bject invention or produced through the use of the subject invention will be manufactured substantially in the United States. However, in individual cases, the agency may waive the requirement for an exclusive license agreement upon a showi…
  • FAR 15.407-4 Should-cost review.
    … awarded on a sole source basis; (iii) There are future year production requirements for substantial quantities of like items; (iv) The items being acquired have a history of increasing costs; (v) The work is sufficiently defined to perm…
  • FAR 15.407-5 Estimating systems.
    …tive action required to each contracting office and contract administration office having substantial business with that contractor. Significant deficiencies not corrected by the contractor shall be a consideration in subsequent proposal an…
  • FAR 16.303 Cost-sharing contracts.
    …e used when the contractor agrees to absorb a portion of the costs, in the expectation of substantial compensating benefits. (c) Limitations. See 16.301-3.
  • FAR 16.401 General.
    …e 16.405). Since it is usually to the Government's advantage for the contractor to assume substantial cost responsibility and an appropriate share of the cost risk, fixed-price incentive contracts are preferred when contract costs and perfo…
  • FAR 22.1013 Review of wage determination.
    …ge benefits, or periodic increases provided for in a collective bargaining agreement vary substantially from those prevailing for similar services in the locality, the contracting officer shall immediately contact the agency labor advisor t…
  • FAR 31.203 Indirect costs.
    …ing on the basis of the benefits accruing to intermediate and final cost objectives. When substantially the same results can be achieved through less precise methods, the number and composition of cost groupings should be governed by practi…
  • FAR 37.104 Personal services contracts.
    …nably be considered not relevant, while relatively continuous Government supervision of a substantial number of contractor employees would have to be taken strongly into account (see (d) below). (d) The following descriptive elements shoul…
  • FAR 48.201 Clauses for supply or service contracts.
    … value engineering effort is appropriate (i.e., if the contracting officer considers that substantial savings to the Government may result from a sustained value engineering effort of a specified level), the contracting officer shall use th…
  • FAR 52.222-48 Exemption From Application of the Service Contract Labor Standards to Contracts for Maintenance, Calibration, or Repair of Certain Equipment—Certification.
    …old or traded by the offeror (or subcontractor in the case of an exempt subcontractor) in substantial quantities to the general public in the course of normal business operations; (2) The services will be furnished at prices which are, or …
  • FAR 52.222-50 Combating Trafficking in Persons.
    …tion of “commercial product” at Federal Acquisition Regulation (FAR) 2.101; (ii) Sold in substantial quantities in the commercial marketplace; and (iii) Offered to the Government, under a contract or subcontract at any tier, without modif…
  • FAR 52.222-51 Exemption From Application of the Service Contract Labor Standards to Contracts for Maintenance, Calibration, or Repair of Certain Equipment—Requirements.
    …regularly for other than Government purposes, and are sold or traded by the Contractor in substantial quantities to the general public in the course of normal business operations. (b) The services shall be furnished at prices which are, or…
  • FAR 52.222-52 Exemption From Application of the Service Contract Labor Standards to Contracts for Certain Services—Certification.
    … offeror (or subcontractor in the case of an exempt subcontract) to the general public in substantial quantities in the course of normal business operations; (2) The contract services are furnished at prices that are, or are based on, esta…
  • FAR 52.222-53 Exemption From Application of the Service Contract Labor Standards to Contracts for Certain Services—Requirements.
    …o non-Governmental customers, and are provided by the Contractor to the general public in substantial quantities in the course of normal business operations. (b) The contract services are furnished at prices that are, or are based on, esta…
  • DFARS 215.404-71-4 Facilities capital employed.
    …ues apply only to those cases where the benefits of the facilities capital investment are substantially above normal. (3) Below normal conditions. (i) The contracting officer may assign a lower than normal value if the facilities capital i…

FAR (chapter 1)

DFARS (chapter 2, Defense)

Source: eCFR, 48 CFR chapters 1 and 2 (GPO GovInfo bulk data) ↗. Rule changes in progress: FAR, DFARS. Terms: glossary.