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48 CFR · Federal Acquisition Regulation and Defense supplement

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The codified text (eCFR, as of 2026-10-02). Under the Revolutionary FAR Overhaul ↗, agencies follow class deviations with new text for many parts while the formal rules go through the Federal Register: check the solicitation and your contract's clauses, which rule.

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59 sections with “low bidder”: the first 40

  • FAR 52.219-9 Small Business Subcontracting Plan.
    As prescribed in 19.708(b), insert the following clause: Small Business Subcontracting Plan (JAN 2025) (a) This clause does not apply to small business concerns. (b) Definitions. As used in this clause— Alaska Native Corporation (ANC) m…
  • FAR 3.303 Reporting suspected antitrust violations.
    …ge from competitive bidding to identical bidding; (3) Simultaneous price increases or follow-the-leader pricing; (4) Rotation of bids or proposals, so that each competitor takes a turn in sequence as low bidder, or so that certain competi…
  • FAR 52.219-2 Equal Low Bids.
    As prescribed in 19.309(b), insert the following provision: Equal Low Bids (OCT 1995) (a) This provision applies to small business concerns only. (b) The bidder's status as a labor surplus area (LSA) concern may affect entitlement to awa…
  • FAR 2.101 Definitions.
    … Federal operations. All advisory and assistance services are classified in one of the following definitional subdivisions: (1) Management and professional support services, i.e., contractual services that provide assistance, advice or tra…
  • FAR 14.404-2 Rejection of individual bids.
    …uirements of the invitation or limit the bidder's liability to the Government, since to allow the bidder to impose such conditions would be prejudicial to other bidders. For example, bids shall be rejected in which the bidder— (1) Protects…
  • FAR 14.407-3 Other mistakes disclosed before award.
    …ect the mistake; provided, that if this correction would result in displacing one or more lower bids, such a determination shall not be made unless the existence of the mistake and the bid actually intended are ascertainable substantially f…
  • FAR 14.408-6 Equal low bids.
    (a) Contracts shall be awarded in the following order of priority when two or more low bids are equal in all respects: (1) Small business concerns that are also labor surplus area concerns. (2) Other small business concerns. (3) Other bu…
  • FAR 22.404-6 Modifications of wage determinations.
    …ished by use of the Wage Determinations at SAM.gov website's “Alert Service”. (b) The following applies when contracting by sealed bidding: (1) A written action modifying a wage determination shall be effective if: (i) It is received by …
  • FAR 36.213-3 Invitations for bids.
    (a) Invitations for bids for construction shall allow sufficient time for bid preparation (i.e., the period of time between the date invitations are distributed and the date set for opening of bids) (but see 5.203 and 14.202-1) to allow bid…
  • FAR 52.214-6 Explanation to Prospective Bidders.
    As prescribed in 14.201-6(c)(2), insert the following provision: Explanation to Prospective Bidders (APR 1984) Any prospective bidder desiring an explanation or interpretation of the solicitation, drawings, specifications, etc., must requ…
  • FAR 52.214-10 Contract Award—Sealed Bidding.
    As prescribed in 14.201-6(e), insert the following provision: Contract Award—Sealed Bidding (JUL 1990) (a) The Government will evaluate bids in response to this solicitation without discussions and will award a contract to the responsible…
  • FAR 52.214-16 Minimum Bid Acceptance Period.
    As prescribed in 14.201-6(j), insert the following provision in invitations for bids, except for construction, if the contracting officer determines that a minimum acceptance period must be specified: Minimum Bid Acceptance Period (APR 198…
  • DFARS 252.245-7005 Management and Reporting of Government Property.
    As prescribed in 245.107(4), use the following clause: Management and Reporting of Government Property (Jan 2024) (a) Definitions. As used in this clause— As is means that the Government makes no warranty with respect to the serviceabili…
  • FAR 9.105-1 Obtaining information.
    … Requests for information shall ordinarily be limited to information concerning— (i) The low bidder; or (ii) Those offerors in range for award. (2) Preaward surveys shall be managed and conducted by the surveying activity. (i) If the su…
  • FAR 14.409-1 Award of unclassified contracts.
    …ssful bidder has shown in submitting a bid; and (iii) When award is made to other than a low bidder, state the reason for rejection in the notice to each of the unsuccessful low bidders. (2) For acquisitions covered by the World Trade Org…
  • FAR 22.404-5 Expiration of project wage determinations.
    …re expiration of the project wage determination included in the solicitation. (b) The following procedure applies when contracting by sealed bidding: (1) If a project wage determination for the primary site of the work expires before bid …
  • FAR 50.102-3 Limitations on exercise of authority.
    … amendment or modification shall increase the contract price to an amount higher than the lowest rejected bid of any responsible bidder, if the contract was negotiated under 14.404-1(f). (d) No informal commitment shall be formalized unles…
  • FAR 52.209-1 Qualification Requirements.
    As prescribed in 9.206-2, insert the following clause: Qualification Requirements (FEB 1995) (a) Definition: Qualification Requirement, as used in this clause, means a Government requirement for testing or other quality assurance demonstr…
  • FAR 52.214-19 Contract Award—Sealed Bidding—Construction.
    As prescribed in 14.201-6(m), insert the following provision: Contract Award—Sealed Bidding—Construction (AUG 1996) (a) The Government will evaluate bids in response to this solicitation without discussions and will award a contract to th…
  • FAR 14.201-8 Price-related factors.
    The factors set forth in paragraphs (a) through (e) below may be applicable in evaluation of bids for award and shall be included in the solicitation when applicable. (See 14.201-5(c).) (a) Foreseeable costs or delays to the Government res…
  • FAR 14.404-1 Cancellation of invitations after opening.
    …er bids have been opened, award must be made to that responsible bidder who submitted the lowest responsive bid, unless there is a compelling reason to reject all bids and cancel the invitation. (2) Every effort shall be made to anticipate…
  • FAR 14.408-4 Economic price adjustment.
    …o the provisions, bids shall be evaluated on the basis of the quoted prices without the allowable economic price adjustment being added. (2) When a bidder increases the maximum percentage of economic price adjustment stipulated in the invi…
  • FAR 22.404-8 Notification of improper wage determination before award.
    (a) The following written notifications by the Department of Labor shall be effective immediately without regard to 22.404-6 if received by the contracting officer prior to award: (1) A solicitation includes the wrong wage determination or…
  • FAR 22.1008-2 Successorship with incumbent contractor collective bargaining agreement.
    …ce employees at least equal to those agreed upon by a predecessor contractor under the following conditions: (1) The services to be furnished under the proposed contract will be substantially the same as services being furnished by an incu…
  • FAR 52.214-20 Bid Samples.
    As prescribed in 14.201-6(o)(1), insert the following provision: Bid Samples (APR 2002) (a) Bid sample means a product sample required to be submitted by a bidder to show those characteristics of the offered products that cannot adequatel…
  • FAR 52.214-21 Descriptive Literature.
    As prescribed in 14.201-6(p)(1), insert the following provision: Descriptive Literature (APR 2002) (a) Descriptive literature, as used in this provision, means information furnished by a bidder, such as cuts, illustrations, drawings, and …
  • FAR 52.214-31 Facsimile Bids.
    As prescribed in 14.201-6(v), insert the following provision: Facsimile Bids (DEC 1989) (a) Definition. Facsimile bid, as used in this solicitation, means a bid, modification of a bid, or withdrawal of a bid that is transmitted to and rec…
  • FAR 14.201-2 Part I—The Schedule.
    The contracting officer shall prepare the Schedule as follows: (a) Section A, Solicitation/contract form. (1) Prepare the invitation for bids on SF 33, or the SF 1447, unless otherwise permitted by this regulation. The SF 33 is the first p…
  • FAR 14.201-9 Simplified contract format.
    …bility in preparation and organization of the simplified contract format. However, the following format should be used to the maximum practical extent: (a) Solicitation/contract form. Standard Form (SF) 1447, Solicitation/Contract, shall b…
  • FAR 14.202-1 Bidding time.
    …) Policy. A reasonable time for prospective bidders to prepare and submit bids shall be allowed in all invitations, consistent with the needs of the Government. (For construction contracts, see 36.213-3(a).) A bidding time (i.e., the time b…
  • FAR 14.502 Conditions for use.
    …ding, two-step sealed bidding may be used in preference to negotiation when all of the following conditions are present: (1) Available specifications or purchase descriptions are not definite or complete or may be too restrictive without t…
  • FAR 19.705-4 Reviewing the subcontracting plan.
    …icer shall take particular care to ensure that the offeror has not submitted unreasonably low goals to minimize exposure to liquidated damages and to avoid the administrative burden of substantiating good faith efforts. Additionally, partic…
  • FAR 28.001 Definitions.
    …r reinsurance agreements, within the time specified in the bid, unless a longer time is allowed, after receipt of the specified forms. Bond means a written instrument executed by a bidder or contractor (the “principal”), and a second party…
  • FAR 28.101-3 Authority of an attorney-in-fact for a bid bond.
    …attorney, the contracting officer shall document the file providing, at a minimum, the following information: (i) Name of person contacted. (ii) Date and time of contact. (iii) Response of the surety. (2) If, upon investigation, the sur…
  • FAR 33.103 Protests to the agency.
    …ls, and another agency's personnel are acceptable protest resolution methods. (d) The following procedures are established to resolve agency protests effectively, to build confidence in the Government's acquisition system, and to reduce pr…
  • FAR 52.214-14 Place of Performance—Sealed Bidding.
    As prescribed in 14.201-6(h), insert the following provision: Place of Performance—Sealed Bidding (APR 1985) (a) The bidder, in the performance of any contract resulting from this solicitation, □ intends, □ does not intend [check applicab…
  • FAR 5.303 Announcement of contract awards.
    …ding, the number of offers solicited and received, and the basis for selection (e.g., the lowest responsible bidder); or (2) For awards after negotiation, the information prescribed by 15.503(b), and after competitive negotiation (either p…
  • FAR 14.101 Elements of sealed bidding.
    … of contracting that employs competitive bids, public opening of bids, and awards. The following steps are involved: (a) Preparation of invitations for bids. Invitations must describe the requirements of the Government clearly, accurately,…
  • FAR 14.201-1 Uniform contract format.
    …those documents by bidders and contractors. It need not be used for acquisition of the following: (1) Construction (see part 36). (2) Shipbuilding (including design, construction, and conversion), ship overhaul, and ship repair. (3) Subs…
  • FAR 14.201-5 Part IV—Representations and instructions.
    The contracting officer shall prepare the representations and instructions as follows: (a) Section K, Representations, certifications, and other statements of bidders. Include in this section those solicitation provisions that require repr…

FAR (chapter 1)

DFARS (chapter 2, Defense)

Source: eCFR, 48 CFR chapters 1 and 2 (GPO GovInfo bulk data) ↗. Rule changes in progress: FAR, DFARS. Terms: glossary.