48 CFR · Federal Acquisition Regulation and Defense supplement
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The codified text (eCFR, as of 2026-10-02). Under the Revolutionary FAR Overhaul ↗, agencies follow class deviations with new text for many parts while the formal rules go through the Federal Register: check the solicitation and your contract's clauses, which rule.
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86 sections with “reasonable modification”: the first 40
- FAR 22.404-6 Modifications of wage determinations.…ys before the date of bid opening, unless the contracting officer finds that there is not reasonable time available before bid opening to notify the prospective bidders. (If the contracting officer finds that there is not reasonable time to…
- FAR 52.215-21 Requirements for Certified Cost or Pricing Data and Data Other Than Certified Cost or Pricing Data—Modifications.…ry to determine whether an exception should be granted, and whether the price is fair and reasonable— (i) Identification of the law or regulation establishing the price offered. If the price is controlled under law by periodic rulings, rev…
- FAR 2.101 Definitions.…d through a comprehensive plan for fulfilling the agency need in a timely manner and at a reasonable cost. It includes developing the overall strategy for managing the acquisition. Activity Address Code (AAC) means a distinct six-position …
- FAR 15.403-1 Prohibition on obtaining certified cost or pricing data (10 U.S.C. chapter 271 and 41 U.S.C. chapter 35).…ied cost or pricing data as defined in FAR 2.101 to support a determination of a fair and reasonable price or cost realism)— (1) When the contracting officer determines that prices agreed upon are based on adequate price competition (see s…
- FAR 15.404-1 Proposal analysis techniques.…he objective of proposal analysis is to ensure that the final agreed-to price is fair and reasonable. (1) The contracting officer is responsible for evaluating the reasonableness of the offered prices. The analytical techniques and procedu…
- FAR 15.408 Solicitation provisions and contract clauses.…vide data showing the degree of competition and the basis for establishing the source and reasonableness of price for those acquisitions (such as subcontracts, purchase orders, material order, etc.) exceeding, or expected to exceed, the app…
- FAR 52.203-12 Limitation on Payments to Influence Certain Federal Transactions.…rposes specified in paragraph (b) of this clause and are permitted by other Federal law. Reasonable compensation means, with respect to a regularly employed officer or employee of any person, compensation that is consistent with the normal…
- FAR 52.212-4 Contract Terms and Conditions—Commercial Products and Commercial Services.…supplies or services. The Government must exercise its postacceptance rights (1) within a reasonable time after the defect was discovered or should have been discovered; and (2) before any substantial change occurs in the condition of the i…
- FAR 52.216-7 Allowable Cost and Payment.…r may submit to an authorized representative of the Contracting Officer, in such form and reasonable detail as the representative may require, an invoice or voucher supported by a statement of the claimed allowable cost for performing this …
- FAR 52.225-9 Buy American—Construction Materials.…he Government determines that— (i) The cost of domestic construction material would be unreasonable. (A) For domestic construction material that is not a critical item or does not contain critical components. (1) The cost of a particular …
- FAR 52.225-11 Buy American—Construction Materials Under Trade Agreements.…he Government determines that— (i) The cost of domestic construction material would be unreasonable. (A) For domestic construction material that is not a critical item or does not contain critical components. (1) The cost of a particular …
- FAR 52.245-1 Government Property.…ernment property includes, but is not limited to— (1) Items that cannot be found after a reasonable search; (2) Theft; (3) Damage resulting in unexpected harm to property requiring repair to restore the item to usable condition; or (4) …
- DFARS 234.7002 Policy.…tem, component, or spare part, if available. (e) Relevant information to determine price reasonableness. For products relying on paragraph (3)(ii) of the “commercial product” definition at FAR 2.101, see FAR 15.403-1(c)(3)(iii)(C). See 212…
- DFARS 252.215-7004 Requirement for Submission of Data Other Than Certified Cost or Pricing Data—Modifications-Canadian Commercial Corporation.…Government Services Canada to the Canadian Commercial Corporation to determine a fair and reasonable price (comparable to the analysis required at FAR 15.404-1). (iii) Data other than certified cost or pricing data necessary to permit a de…
- DFARS 252.215-7010 Requirements for Certified Cost or Pricing Data and Data Other Than Certified Cost or Pricing Data.…d by an offeror on sales of the same or similar items that can be used to establish price reasonableness taking into consideration the age, volume, and nature of the transactions (including any related discounts, refunds, rebates, offsets, …
- DFARS 252.227-7018 Rights in Other Than Commercial Technical Data and Computer Software—Small Business Innovation Research Program and Small Business Technology Transfer Program.…he item, component, or process has been analyzed or tested sufficiently to demonstrate to reasonable people skilled in the applicable art that there is a high probability that it will operate as intended. Whether, how much, and what type of…
- DFARS 252.228-7001 Ground and Flight Risk.…Contractor's premises shall be considered to be in flight when on the ground or water for reasonable periods of time following emergency landings, landings made in performance of the contract, or landings approved in writing by the contract…
- FAR 31.205-26 Material costs.…tion and in-transit insurance. In computing material costs, the contractor shall consider reasonable overruns, spoilage, or defective work (unless otherwise provided in any contract provision relating to inspecting and correcting defective …
- FAR 52.246-19 Warranty of Systems and Equipment under Performance Specifications or Design Criteria.… notice not to correct any defect, or to correct or partially correct any defect within a reasonable time at ____ [Contracting Officer shall insert locations where corrections may be performed]. (3) In no event shall the Government be resp…
- DFARS 215.403-3 Requiring data other than certified cost or pricing data.…acting officers shall not determine the price of a contract or subcontract to be fair and reasonable based solely on historical prices paid by the Government (see PGI 215.403-3(4)); and (4) In lieu of the factors for consideration listed i…
- DFARS 252.227-7014 Rights in Other Than Commercial Computer Software and Other Than Commercial Computer Software Documentation.…successfully operated in a computer and tested to the extent sufficient to demonstrate to reasonable persons skilled in the art that the program can reasonably be expected to perform its intended purpose; (2) Computer software, other than …
- FAR 7.503 Policy.…s authority to dispose of property at prices within specified ranges and subject to other reasonable conditions deemed appropriate by the agency). (12) In Federal procurement activities with respect to prime contracts— (i) Determining wha…
- FAR 15.403-4 Requiring certified cost or pricing data (10 U.S.C. chapter 271 and 41 U.S.C. chapter 35).…exceptional circumstances exist and has sufficient data available to determine a fair and reasonable price, then the contracting officer should consider requesting a waiver under the exception at 15.403-1(b)(4). The threshold for obtaining …
- FAR 15.404-3 Subcontract pricing considerations.(a) The contracting officer is responsible for the determination of a fair and reasonable price for the prime contract, including subcontracting costs. The contracting officer should consider whether a contractor or subcontractor has an app…
- FAR 15.502 Applicability.…described in 6.102(c). The procedures in 15.504, 15.506, 15.507, 15.508, and 15.509, with reasonable modification, should be followed for sole source acquisitions and acquisitions described in 6.102(d)(1) and (2).
- FAR 31.205-18 Independent research and development and bid and proposal costs.…owable as indirect expenses on contracts to the extent that those costs are allocable and reasonable. (d) Deferred IR&D costs. (1) IR&D costs that were incurred in previous accounting periods are unallowable, except when a contractor has d…
- FAR 52.204-30 Federal Acquisition Supply Chain Security Act Orders—Prohibition.…of Congress to be kept classified in the interest of national defense or foreign policy. Reasonable inquiry means an inquiry designed to uncover any information in the entity's possession about the identity of any covered articles, or any …
- FAR 52.215-2 Audit and Records—Negotiation.…n performance of this contract. This right of examination shall include inspection at all reasonable times of the Contractor's plants, or parts of them, engaged in performing the contract. (c) Certified cost or pricing data. If the Contrac…
- FAR 52.232-16 Progress Payments.…for progress payment purposes in paragraph (a)(1) of this clause: (i) Costs that are not reasonable, allocable to this contract, and consistent with sound and generally accepted accounting principles and practices. (ii) Costs incurred by …
- DFARS 202.101 Definitions.…he internal control over information in contractor business systems, such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of such information will not be prevented, or detected and corrected, on a timely basis. A reasona…
- DFARS 215.403-1 Prohibition on obtaining certified cost or pricing data (10 U.S.C. chapter 271 and 41 U.S.C. chapter 35).… two offerors that are individually capable of producing the full quantity; and (ii) The reasonableness of all prices awarded is clearly established on the basis of price analysis (see FAR 15.404-1(b)). (B) If only one offer is received i…
- DFARS 225.870-4 Contracting procedures.…ed cost or pricing data from the offeror, to the extent necessary to determine a fair and reasonable price. (i) No further approval is required to request data other than certified cost or pricing data from the Canadian Commercial Corporat…
- DFARS 252.217-7005 Inspection and manner of doing work.…a welder shall be as specified in the job order. (e) The Contractor shall— (1) Exercise reasonable care to protect the vessel from fire; (2) Maintain a reasonable system of inspection over activities taking place in the vicinity of the v…
- FAR 14.404-1 Cancellation of invitations after opening.…hat for which the bids were invited; (6) All otherwise acceptable bids received are at unreasonable prices, or only one bid is received and the contracting officer cannot determine the reasonableness of the bid price; (7) The bids were no…
- FAR 16.505 Ordering.…sk or delivery order that includes a clear statement of the agency's requirements; (B) A reasonable response period; (C) Disclosure of the significant factors and subfactors, including cost or price, that the agency expects to consider in…
- FAR 47.303-17 Contractor-prepaid commercial bills of lading, small package shipments.…rovide a receipted freight bill; and (ii) The agency has determined that the charges are reasonable. Determination of reasonableness may be based on— (A) Past experience (authenticated transportation charges for similar shipments); (B) R…
- FAR 52.216-17 Incentive Price Revision—Successive Targets.…et cost. (3) If the total firm target cost plus the total firm target profit represent a reasonable price for performing that part of the contract subject to price revision under this clause, the parties may agree on a firm fixed price, wh…
- FAR 52.222-41 Service Contract Labor Standards.… not performed by any classification listed in the wage determination) so as to provide a reasonable relationship (i.e., appropriate level of skill comparison) between such unlisted classifications and the classifications listed in the wage…
- FAR 52.229-4 Federal, State, and Local Taxes (State and Local Adjustments).…tractor at the direction of the Contracting Officer, including any interest, penalty, and reasonable attorneys' fees. (h) The Government shall furnish evidence appropriate to establish exemption from any Federal, State, or local tax when (…
- FAR 52.229-6 Taxes—Foreign Fixed-Price Contracts.… the United States as the Contracting Officer directs. (i) The Contractor shall take all reasonable action to obtain exemption from or refund of any taxes or duties, including interest or penalty, from which the United States Government, t…
FAR (chapter 1)
- Part 1 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 58 sections
- Part 2 Definitions of Words and Terms 3 sections
- Part 3 Improper Business Practices and Personal Conflicts of Interest 98 sections
- Part 4 Administrative and Information Matters 116 sections
- Part 5 Publicizing Contract Actions 34 sections
- Part 6 Competition Requirements 34 sections
- Part 7 Acquisition Planning 34 sections
- Part 8 Required Sources of Supplies and Services 67 sections
- Part 9 Contractor Qualifications 106 sections
- Part 10 Market Research 4 sections
- Part 11 Describing Agency Needs 33 sections
- Part 12 Acquisition of Commercial Products and Commercial Services 38 sections
- Part 13 Simplified Acquisition Procedures 49 sections
- Part 14 Sealed Bidding 82 sections
- Part 15 Contracting by Negotiation 81 sections
- Part 16 Types of Contracts 74 sections
- Part 17 Special Contracting Methods 50 sections
- Part 18 Emergency Acquisitions 34 sections
- Part 19 Small Business Programs 126 sections
- Part 22 Application of Labor Laws to Government Acquisitions 205 sections
- Part 23 Environment, Sustainable Acquisition, and Material Safety 38 sections
- Part 24 Protection of Privacy and Freedom of Information 10 sections
- Part 25 Foreign Acquisition 81 sections
- Part 26 Other Socioeconomic Programs 36 sections
- Part 27 Patents, Data, and Copyrights 59 sections
- Part 28 Bonds and Insurance 61 sections
- Part 29 Taxes 23 sections
- Part 30 Cost Accounting Standards Administration 30 sections
- Part 31 Contract Cost Principles and Procedures 87 sections
- Part 32 Contract Financing 175 sections
- Part 33 Protests, Disputes, and Appeals 23 sections
- Part 34 Major System Acquisition 20 sections
- Part 35 Research and Development Contracting 25 sections
- Part 36 Construction and Architect-engineer Contracts 81 sections
- Part 37 Service Contracting 46 sections
- Part 38 Federal Supply Schedule Contracting 3 sections
- Part 39 Acquisition of Information Technology 14 sections
- Part 40 Information Security and Supply Chain Security 12 sections
- Part 41 Acquisition of Utility Services 17 sections
- Part 42 Contract Administration and Audit Services 84 sections
- Part 43 Contract Modifications 14 sections
- Part 44 Subcontracting Policies and Procedures 24 sections
- Part 45 Government Property 33 sections
- Part 46 Quality Assurance 60 sections
- Part 47 Transportation 106 sections
- Part 48 Value Engineering 13 sections
- Part 49 Termination of Contracts 108 sections
- Part 50 Extraordinary Contractual Actions and the Safety Act 34 sections
- Part 51 Use of Government Sources by Contractors 15 sections
- Part 52 Solicitation Provisions and Contract Clauses 680 sections
- Part 53 Forms 61 sections
DFARS (chapter 2, Defense)
- Part 201 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 24 sections
- Part 202 Definitions of Words and Terms 1 sections
- Part 203 Improper Business Practices and Personal Conflicts of Interest 28 sections
- Part 204 Administrative and Information Matters 76 sections
- Part 205 Publicizing Contract Actions 11 sections
- Part 206 Competition Requirements 20 sections
- Part 207 Acquisition Planning 22 sections
- Part 208 Required Sources of Supplies and Services 31 sections
- Part 209 Contractor Qualifications 55 sections
- Part 210 Market Research 2 sections
- Part 211 Describing Agency Needs 22 sections
- Part 212 Acquisition of Commercial Products and Commercial Services 24 sections
- Part 213 Simplified Acquisition Procedures 23 sections
- Part 214 Sealed Bidding 14 sections
- Part 215 Contracting by Negotiation 66 sections
- Part 216 Types of Contracts 36 sections
- Part 217 Special Contracting Methods 64 sections
- Part 218 Emergency Acquisitions 7 sections
- Part 219 Small Business Programs 47 sections
- Part 222 Application of Labor Laws to Government Acquisitions 56 sections
- Part 223 Environment, Sustainable Acquisition, and Material Safety 34 sections
- Part 224 Protection of Privacy and Freedom of Information 2 sections
- Part 225 Foreign Acquisition 251 sections
- Part 226 Other Socioeconomic Programs 14 sections
- Part 227 Patents, Data, and Copyrights 99 sections
- Part 228 Bonds and Insurance 17 sections
- Part 229 Taxes 9 sections
- Part 230 Cost Accounting Standards Administration 2 sections
- Part 231 Contract Cost Principles and Procedures 13 sections
- Part 232 Contract Financing 74 sections
- Part 233 Protests, Disputes, and Appeals 8 sections
- Part 234 Major System Acquisition 13 sections
- Part 235 Research and Development Contracting 16 sections
- Part 236 Construction and Architect-engineer Contracts 25 sections
- Part 237 Service Contracting 67 sections
- Part 239 Acquisition of Information Technology 38 sections
- Part 241 Acquisition of Utility Services 8 sections
- Part 242 Contract Administration and Audit Services 40 sections
- Part 243 Contract Modifications 18 sections
- Part 244 Subcontracting Policies and Procedures 13 sections
- Part 245 Government Property 23 sections
- Part 246 Quality Assurance 39 sections
- Part 247 Transportation 27 sections
- Part 249 Termination of Contracts 14 sections
- Part 250 Extraordinary Contractual Actions and the Safety Act 16 sections
- Part 251 Use of Government Sources by Contractors 5 sections
- Part 252 Solicitation Provisions and Contract Clauses 405 sections
- Part 253 Forms 10 sections
- Part 270 Defense Contracting Programs 7 sections
Source: eCFR, 48 CFR chapters 1 and 2 (GPO GovInfo bulk data) ↗. Rule changes in progress: FAR, DFARS. Terms: glossary.