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48 CFR · Federal Acquisition Regulation and Defense supplement

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The codified text (eCFR, as of 2026-10-02). Under the Revolutionary FAR Overhaul ↗, agencies follow class deviations with new text for many parts while the formal rules go through the Federal Register: check the solicitation and your contract's clauses, which rule.

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34 sections with “trade practice”

  • FAR 5.207 Preparation and transmittal of synopses.
    …. (14)(i) If the solicitation will include the FAR clause at 52.225-3, Buy American-Free Trade Agreements-Israeli Trade Act, or an equivalent agency clause, insert the following notice in the synopsis: “One or more of the items under this …
  • FAR 52.222-27 Affirmative Action Compliance Requirements for Construction.
    … subcontractor at any tier, subcontracts a portion of the work involving any construction trade, each such subcontract in excess of $10,000 shall include this clause and the Notice containing the goals for minority and female participation …
  • DFARS 212.301 Solicitation provisions and contract clauses for the acquisition of commercial products and commercial services.
    …r sections in subsequent DoD appropriations acts. (N) Use the provision at 252.225-7020, Trade Agreements Certificate, to comply with 19 U.S.C. 2501-2518 and 19 U.S.C. 4501-4732. Alternate I also implements section 886 of the National Defe…
  • FAR 9.403 Definitions.
    …icial. The letter is not a mandatory step in the suspension or debarment process. Unfair trade practices means the commission of any of the following acts by a contractor: (1) A violation of section 337 of the Tariff Act of 1930 (19 U.S.C…
  • FAR 46.703 Criteria for use of warranties.
    …ing existence of defects; and (6) Difficulty in tracing responsibility for defects. (d) Trade practice. In many instances an item is customarily warranted in the trade, and, as a result of that practice, the cost of an item to the Governm…
  • FAR 46.706 Warranty terms and conditions.
    … life of the item, (ii) the nature of the item including storage or shelf-life, and (iii) trade practice. The period specified shall not extend the contractor's liability for patent defects beyond a reasonable time after acceptance by the G…
  • FAR 52.230-3 Disclosure and Consistency of Cost Accounting Practices.
    …he Contractor has notified the Contracting Officer that the Disclosure Statement contains trade secrets and commercial or financial information which is privileged and confidential, the Disclosure Statement shall be protected and shall not …
  • FAR 52.230-4 Disclosure and Consistency of Cost Accounting Practices—Foreign Concerns.
    …he Contractor has notified the Contracting Officer that the Disclosure Statement contains trade secrets and commercial or financial information which is privileged and confidential, the Disclosure Statement shall be protected and shall not …
  • FAR 2.101 Definitions.
    …d (ii) Market prices means current prices that are established in the course of ordinary trade between buyers and sellers free to bargain and that can be substantiated through competition or from sources independent of the offerors; or (3…
  • FAR 9.406-2 Causes for debarment.
    …on 202 of the Defense Production Act (Public Law 102-558)). (iv) Commission of an unfair trade practice as defined in 9.403 (see Section 201 of the Defense Production Act (Public Law 102-558)). (v) Delinquent Federal taxes in an amount th…
  • FAR 9.407-2 Causes for suspension.
    …ion 202 of the Defense Production Act (Public Law 102-558)); (6) Commission of an unfair trade practice as defined in 9.403 (see section 201 of the Defense Production Act (Pub. L. 102-558)); (7) Delinquent Federal taxes in an amount that …
  • FAR 22.1003-4 Administrative limitations, variations, tolerances, and exemptions.
    … under the contract are used regularly for other than Government purposes and are sold or traded by the contractor in substantial quantities to the general public in the course of normal business operations. (ii) The services will be furni…
  • FAR 52.212-5 Contract Terms and Conditions Required To Implement Statutes or Executive Orders—Commercial Products and Commercial Services.
    …83). __ (ii) Alternate I (OCT 2022) of 52.225-1. __ (49)(i) 52.225-3, Buy American—Free Trade Agreements—Israeli Trade Act (NOV 2023) (19 U.S.C. 3301 note, 19 U.S.C. 2112 note, 19 U.S.C. 3805 note, 19 U.S.C. 4001 note, 19 U.S.C. chapter 2…
  • FAR 19.505 Limitations on subcontracting and nonmanufacturer rule.
    …exceeded. (iv) For a contract or order assigned a NAICS code for construction by special trade contractors, the concern will not pay more than 75 percent of the amount paid by the Government for contract performance, excluding the cost of …
  • FAR 52.232-7 Payments under Time-and-Materials and Labor-Hour Contracts.
    …regard to securing prompt delivery of satisfactory materials; and (ii) Take all cash and trade discounts, rebates, allowances, credits, salvage, commissions, and other benefits. When unable to take advantage of the benefits, the Contractor…
  • FAR 3.301 General.
    (a) Practices that eliminate competition or restrain trade usually lead to excessive prices and may warrant criminal, civil, or administrative action against the participants. Examples of anticompetitive practices are collusive bidding, fol…
  • FAR 3.303 Reporting suspected antitrust violations.
    …he employees, former employees, or competitors of offerors, that an agreement to restrain trade exists. (d) Identical bids shall be reported under this section if the agency has some reason to believe that the bids resulted from collusion.…
  • FAR 10.001 Policy.
    (a) Agencies shall— (1) Ensure that legitimate needs are identified and trade-offs evaluated to acquire items that meet those needs; (2) Conduct market research appropriate to the circumstances— (i) Before developing new requirements doc…
  • FAR 10.002 Procedures.
    …i) Obtaining source lists of similar items from other contracting activities or agencies, trade associations or other sources. (vii) Reviewing catalogs and other generally available product literature published by manufacturers, distributo…
  • FAR 12.404 Warranties.
    …uality and must be comparable in quality to those that will pass without objection in the trade or market for items of the same description. (2) The implied warranty of fitness for a particular purpose provides that an item is fit for use …
  • FAR 24.203 Policy.
    …re. The exemptions most often applicable are those relating to classified information, to trade secrets and confidential commercial or financial information, to interagency or intra-agency memoranda, or to personal and medical information p…
  • FAR 31.205-26 Material costs.
    …hall— (1) Adjust the costs of material for income and other credits, including available trade discounts, refunds, rebates, allowances, and cash discounts, and credits for scrap, salvage, and material returned to vendors; and (2) Credit s…
  • FAR 52.216-2 Economic Price Adjustment—Standard Supplies.
    …al quantities to the general public, and (2) is the net price after applying any standard trade discounts offered by the Contractor. (b) The Contractor shall promptly notify the Contracting Officer of the amount and effective date of each …
  • FAR 52.216-3 Economic Price Adjustment—Semistandard Supplies.
    …al quantities to the general public, and (2) is the net price after applying any standard trade discounts offered by the Contractor. The Contractor further warrants that, as of the date of this contract, any difference between the unit pric…
  • FAR 52.219-33 Nonmanufacturer Rule.
    …raph (c)(2) of this clause instead; (ii) Be primarily engaged in the retail or wholesale trade and normally sell the type of item being supplied; and (iii) Take ownership or possession of the item(s) with its personnel, equipment, or faci…
  • FAR 52.222-53 Exemption From Application of the Service Contract Labor Standards to Contracts for Certain Services—Requirements.
    …d market price” is a current price, established in the usual course of ordinary and usual trade between buyers and sellers free to bargain, which can be substantiated from sources independent of the manufacturer or Contractor. (c) Each ser…
  • FAR 52.230-2 Cost Accounting Standards.
    …he Contractor has notified the Contracting Officer that the Disclosure Statement contains trade secrets and commercial or financial information which is privileged and confidential, the Disclosure Statement shall be protected and shall not …
  • FAR 52.230-5 Cost Accounting Standards—Educational Institution.
    …he Contractor has notified the Contracting Officer that the Disclosure Statement contains trade secrets, and commercial or financial information which is privileged and confidential, the Disclosure Statement shall be protected and shall not…
  • DFARS 225.7024-3 Procedures.
    …nditions of the solicitation. (b) See 215.101-71 for the requirement to consider using a tradeoff process.
  • DFARS 252.204-7012 Safeguarding Covered Defense Information and Cyber Incident Reporting.
    …program description, facility locations), personally identifiable information, as well as trade secrets, commercial or financial information, or other commercially sensitive information that is not customarily shared outside of the company.…
  • DFARS 252.216-7000 Economic Price Adjustment—Basic Steel, Aluminum, Brass, Bronze, or Copper Mill Products.
    …ties of the same item. This price is the net price after applying any applicable standard trade discounts offered by the Contractor from its catalog, list, or schedule price. (c) The Contractor shall promptly notify the Contracting Officer…
  • DFARS 252.219-7010 Notification of Competition Limited to Eligible 8(a) Participants—Partnership Agreement
    …raph (d)(2) of this clause instead; (ii) Be primarily engaged in the retail or wholesale trade and normally sell the type of item being supplied; and (iii) Take ownership or possession of the item(s) with its personnel, equipment, or faci…
  • DFARS 252.227-7013 Rights in Technical Data—Other Than Commercial Products and Commercial Services.
    …cle, to sell the article, and to distribute the article for sale or to use the article in trade, to the same extent that the Government is granted rights in the technical data pertaining to the vessel design.
  • DFARS 252.244-7001 Contractor Purchasing System Administration.
    …k, take, and document economically feasible purchase discounts, including cash discounts, trade discounts, quantity discounts, rebates, freight allowances, and company-wide volume discounts; (13) Ensure proper type of contract selection an…

FAR (chapter 1)

DFARS (chapter 2, Defense)

Source: eCFR, 48 CFR chapters 1 and 2 (GPO GovInfo bulk data) ↗. Rule changes in progress: FAR, DFARS. Terms: glossary.