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48 CFR · Federal Acquisition Regulation and Defense supplement

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The codified text (eCFR, as of 2026-10-02). Under the Revolutionary FAR Overhaul ↗, agencies follow class deviations with new text for many parts while the formal rules go through the Federal Register: check the solicitation and your contract's clauses, which rule.

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44 sections with “accounting systems”: the first 40

  • DFARS 252.242-7004 Material Management and Accounting System.
    As prescribed in 242.7204, use the following clause: Material Management and Accounting System (Jan 2025) (a) Definitions. As used in this clause— Acceptable material management and accounting system means a material management and accou…
  • FAR 43.203 Change order accounting procedures.
    (a) Contractors' accounting systems are seldom designed to segregate the costs of performing changed work. Therefore, before prospective contractors submit offers, the contracting officer should advise them of the possible need to revise th…
  • DFARS 252.242-7005 Contractor business systems.
    …Jan 2025) (a) This clause only applies to covered contracts that are subject to the Cost Accounting Standards under 41 U.S.C. chapter 15, as implemented in regulations found at 48 CFR 9903.201-1 (see the FAR Appendix). (b) Definitions. As…
  • DFARS 252.242-7006 Accounting System Administration.
    As prescribed in 242.7503, use the following clause: Accounting System Administration (Jan 2025) (a) Definitions. As used in this clause— Acceptable accounting system means a system that complies with the system criteria in paragraph (c)…
  • DFARS 242.7201 Definitions.
    As used in this subpart— Acceptable material management and accounting system means a material management and accounting system that generally complies with the system criteria in paragraph (d) of the clause at 252.242-7004, Material Manag…
  • FAR 31.002 Availability of accounting guide.
    Contractors needing assistance in developing or improving their accounting systems and procedures may request a copy of the Defense Contract Audit Agency Pamphlet No. 7641.90, Information for Contractors. The pamphlet is available via the I…
  • FAR 49.206-1 Submission of settlement proposals.
    …ticular contract. Settlement proposals must be in reasonable detail supported by adequate accounting data. Actual, standard (appropriately adjusted), or average costs may be used in preparing settlement proposals if they are determined unde…
  • DFARS 204.7107 Contract accounting classification reference number (ACRN) and agency accounting identifier (AAI).
    Traceability of funds from accounting systems to contract actions is accomplished using ACRNs and AAIs. Follow the procedures at PGI 204.7107 for use of ACRNs and AAIs.
  • FAR 2.101 Definitions.
    …ment, logistics management, project monitoring and reporting, data collection, budgeting, accounting, performance auditing, and administrative technical support for conferences and training programs. (2) Studies, analyses and evaluations, …
  • FAR 31.001 Definitions.
    …od means an actuarial cost method under which units of benefits are assigned to each cost accounting period and are valued as they accrue; i.e., based on the services performed by each employee in the period involved. The measure of normal …
  • FAR 42.302 Contract administration functions.
    … officer (ACO) has the authority to take definitive action. (11) In connection with Cost Accounting Standards (see 48 CFR 30.601 and 48 CFR chapter 99)— (i) Determine the adequacy of the contractor's disclosure statements; (ii) Determine…
  • DFARS 204.7103-1 Criteria for establishing.
    …fferent delivery dates for the units by destination in the delivery schedule. (4) Single accounting classification citation. (i) Each contract line item shall reference a single accounting classification citation except as provided in para…
  • DFARS 242.7000 Contractor business system deficiencies.
    …f “contractor business systems” in this section. Contractor business systems means— (i) Accounting system, if the contract includes the clause at 252.242-7006, Accounting System Administration; (ii) Earned value management system, if the…
  • DFARS 242.7501 Definitions.
    As used in this subpart— Acceptable accounting system means a system that complies with the system criteria in paragraph (c) of the clause at 252.242-7006, Accounting System Administration, to provide reasonable assurance that— (1) Applic…
  • DFARS 242.7502 Policy.
    …ress payments based on costs or on a percentage or stage of completion, shall maintain an accounting system. (b) The cognizant contracting officer, in consultation with the auditor or functional specialist, shall— (1) Determine the accept…
  • FAR 9.105-1 Obtaining information.
    … the auditor any information required concerning the adequacy of prospective contractors' accounting systems and these systems' suitability for use in administering the proposed type of contract. (ii) If the surveying activity is not a con…
  • FAR 15.407-4 Should-cost review.
    …zed are a function of the contract work task, elements such as manufacturing, pricing and accounting, management and organization, and subcontract and vendor management are normally reviewed in a should-cost review. (4) In acquisitions for…
  • FAR 31.109 Advance agreements.
    (a) The extent of allowability of the costs covered in this part applies broadly to many accounting systems in varying contract situations. Thus, the reasonableness, the allocability and the allowability under the specific cost principles a…
  • FAR 16.103 Negotiating contract type.
    …ance information); (B) The nature of the additional risks (e.g., inadequate contractor's accounting system, weaknesses in contractor's internal control, non-compliance with Cost Accounting Standards, or lack of or inadequate earned value m…
  • FAR 32.503 Postaward matters.
    …lude taking actions discussed here before award, if appropriate; e.g., preaward review of accounting systems and controls.
  • FAR 42.101 Contract audit responsibilities.
    …he requesting activity, based on the auditor's analysis of the contractor's financial and accounting records or other related data as to the acceptability of the contractor's incurred and estimated costs; (2) Reviewing the financial and ac…
  • DFARS 215.404-1 Proposal analysis techniques.
    …ive judgment, e.g., experience with the offeror and the reliability of its estimating and accounting systems. (b) Price analysis. (i) In the absence of adequate price competition in response to the solicitation, pricing based on market pri…
  • DFARS 216.601 Time-and-materials contracts.
    …ther than commercial products or commercial services awarded to contractors with adequate accounting systems, a cost-plus-fixed-fee term contract type shall be preferred over a time-and-materials or labor-hour contract type; (4) Establish …
  • FAR 31.205-18 Independent research and development and bid and proposal costs.
    …omponents. (b) Composition and allocation of costs. The requirements of 48 CFR 9904.420, Accounting for independent research and development costs and bid and proposal costs, are incorporated in their entirety and shall apply as follows— …
  • FAR 52.245-1 Government Property.
    …erived from the Contractor's records that reflect consistently applied generally accepted accounting principles. (b) Property management. (1) The Contractor shall have a system of internal controls to manage (control, use, preserve, protec…
  • DFARS 202.101 Definitions.
    …ment Agency, the Defense Counterintelligence and Security Agency, the Defense Finance and Accounting Service, the Defense Health Agency, the Defense Information Systems Agency, the Defense Intelligence Agency, the Defense Logistics Agency, …
  • DFARS 242.7001 Contract clause.
    … 252.234-7002, Earned Value Management System. (3) 252.242-7004, Material Management and Accounting System. (4) 252.242-7006, Accounting System Administration. (5) 252.244-7001, Contractor Purchasing System Administration. (6) 252.245-7…
  • DFARS 252.215-7010 Requirements for Certified Cost or Pricing Data and Data Other Than Certified Cost or Pricing Data.
    …tion, any contract or subcontract for DoD that is subject to full coverage under the cost accounting standards prescribed pursuant to 41 U.S.C. 1502 and the regulations implementing such section. (c) Requirements for certified cost or pric…
  • FAR 4.703 Policy.
    …d in 4.703(b), contractors shall make available records, which includes books, documents, accounting procedures and practices, and other data, regardless of type and regardless of whether such items are in written form, in the form of compu…
  • FAR 7.105 Contents of written acquisition plans.
    …ctor's technical capability and financial responsibility, or adequacy of the contractor's accounting system), and associated reasoning essential to support the contract type selection. The contracting officer shall ensure that requirements …
  • FAR 9.104-1 General standards.
    …thics (for example, see subpart 42.15); (e) Have the necessary organization, experience, accounting and operational controls, and technical skills, or the ability to obtain them (including, as appropriate, such elements as production contr…
  • FAR 9.501 Definition.
    …pment, software, components, or facilities); (3) Routine legal, actuarial, auditing, and accounting services; and (4) Training services.
  • FAR 13.303-3 Preparation of BPAs.
    Prepare BPAs on the forms specified in 13.307. Do not cite accounting and appropriation data (see 13.303-5(e)(4)). (a) The following terms and conditions are mandatory: (1) Description of agreement. A statement that the supplier shall fur…
  • FAR 15.406-3 Documenting the negotiation.
    …tiation. (4) The current status of any contractor systems (e.g., purchasing, estimating, accounting, and compensation) to the extent they affected and were considered in the negotiation. (5) If certified cost or pricing data were not requ…
  • FAR 42.202 Assignment of contract administration.
    …ct or perform a contract administration function, except for functions pertaining to cost accounting standards and negotiation of forward pricing rates and indirect cost rates (also see 42.003). The requesting agency must coordinate with th…
  • FAR 42.708 Quick-closeout procedure.
    …is appropriate. The risk assessment shall include— (i) Consideration of the contractor's accounting, estimating, and purchasing systems; (ii) Other concerns of the cognizant contract auditors; and (iii) Any other pertinent information, s…
  • FAR 44.303 Extent of review.
    … award, and postaward management of major subcontract programs; (h) Compliance with Cost Accounting Standards in awarding subcontracts; (i) Appropriateness of types of contracts used (see 16.103); (j) Management control systems, includin…
  • FAR 52.212-5 Contract Terms and Conditions Required To Implement Statutes or Executive Orders—Commercial Products and Commercial Services.
    …aims are finally resolved. (3) As used in this clause, records include books, documents, accounting procedures and practices, and other data, regardless of type and regardless of form. This does not require the Contractor to create or main…
  • FAR 52.213-4 Terms and Conditions—Simplified Acquisitions (Other Than Commercial Products and Commercial Services).
    …sulted from the termination. The Contractor shall not be required to comply with the cost accounting standards or contract cost principles for this purpose. This paragraph does not give the Government any right to audit the Contractor's rec…
  • DFARS 239.7402 Policy.
    … Commission (FCC) and other governmental regulatory bodies on rates, cost principles, and accounting practices; and (3) Making provision in telecommunications services contracts for adoption of— (i) FCC approved practices; or (ii) The ge…

FAR (chapter 1)

DFARS (chapter 2, Defense)

Source: eCFR, 48 CFR chapters 1 and 2 (GPO GovInfo bulk data) ↗. Rule changes in progress: FAR, DFARS. Terms: glossary.