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48 CFR · Federal Acquisition Regulation and Defense supplement

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The codified text (eCFR, as of 2026-10-02). Under the Revolutionary FAR Overhaul ↗, agencies follow class deviations with new text for many parts while the formal rules go through the Federal Register: check the solicitation and your contract's clauses, which rule.

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420 sections with “low offeror”: the first 40

  • FAR 15.101-2 Lowest price technically acceptable source selection process.
    (a) The lowest price technically acceptable source selection process is appropriate when best value is expected to result from selection of the technically acceptable proposal with the lowest evaluated price. (b) When using the lowest pric…
  • FAR 52.212-1 Instructions to Offerors—Commercial Products and Commercial Services.
    As prescribed in 12.301(b)(1), insert the following provision: Instructions to Offerors—Commercial Products and Commercial Services (SEP 2023) (a) North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) code and small business size standard…
  • FAR 52.212-3 Offeror Representations and Certifications—Commercial Products and Commercial Services.
    As prescribed in 12.301(b)(2), insert the following provision: Offeror Representations and Certifications—Commercial Products and Commercial Services (OCT 2025) The Offeror shall complete only paragraph (b) of this provision if the Offero…
  • FAR 52.215-1 Instructions to Offerors—Competitive Acquisition.
    As prescribed in 15.209(a), insert the following provision: Instructions to Offerors—Competitive Acquisition (NOV 2021) (a) Definitions. As used in this provision— Discussions are negotiations that occur after establishment of the compet…
  • FAR 52.204-17 Ownership or Control of Offeror.
    As prescribed in 4.1804(b), use the following provision: Ownership or Control of Offeror (AUG 2020) (a) Definitions. As used in this provision— Commercial and Government Entity (CAGE) code means— (1) An identifier assigned to entities l…
  • FAR 52.217-12 Reverse Auction Services.
    As prescribed in 17.805(c), insert the following clause: Reverse Auction Services (AUG 2024) (a) Definitions. Government data means any information, document, media, or machine-readable material regardless of physical form or characteris…
  • DFARS 252.236-7007 Additive or deductive items.
    As prescribed in 236.570(b)(5), use the following provision: Additive or Deductive Items (DEC 1991) (a) The low offeror and the items to be awarded shall be determined as follows— (1) Prior to the opening of bids, the Government will det…
  • FAR 15.306 Exchanges with offerors after receipt of proposals.
    …e is uncertain; (2) May be conducted to enhance Government understanding of proposals; allow reasonable interpretation of the proposal; or facilitate the Government's evaluation process. Such communications shall not be used to cure propos…
  • FAR 2.101 Definitions.
    … Federal operations. All advisory and assistance services are classified in one of the following definitional subdivisions: (1) Management and professional support services, i.e., contractual services that provide assistance, advice or tra…
  • FAR 4.2103 Procedures.
    …ing officer has a reason to question the representation, the contracting officer shall follow agency procedures. (ii) If the offeror selects “does” in paragraph (c)(1) of the provision at 52.204-26 or paragraph (v)(2)(i) of the provision a…
  • FAR 5.207 Preparation and transmittal of synopses.
    (a) Content. Each synopsis transmitted to the GPE must address the following data elements, as applicable: (1) Action Code. (2) Date. (3) Year. (4) Contracting Office ZIP Code. (5) Product or Service Code. (6) Contracting Office Addre…
  • FAR 8.405-3 Blanket purchase agreements (BPAs).
    …n determining best value, the ordering activity may consider, among other factors, the following: (i) Past performance. (ii) Special features of the supply or service required for effective program performance. (iii) Trade-in considerati…
  • FAR 12.207 Contract type.
    …le; and (3) When making a change that modifies the general scope of— (i) A contract, follow the procedures at 6.303; (ii) An order issued under the Federal Supply Schedules, follow the procedures at 8.405-6; or (iii) An order issued und…
  • FAR 12.603 Streamlined solicitation for commercial products or commercial services.
    (a) When a written solicitation will be issued, the contracting officer may use the following procedure to reduce the time required to solicit and award contracts for the acquisition of commercial products or commercial services. This proce…
  • FAR 15.407-2 Make-or-buy programs.
    …e, including planning, placing, and administering subcontracts as necessary to ensure the lowest overall cost and technical risk to the Government. When make-or-buy programs are required, the Government may reserve the right to review and a…
  • FAR 15.408 Solicitation provisions and contract clauses.
    …rity of Unit Prices, in solicitations and contracts except for— (i) Acquisitions at or below the simplified acquisition threshold; (ii) Construction or architect-engineer services under part 36; (iii) Utility services under part 41; (iv…
  • FAR 17.802 Policy.
    …on. When using the reverse auction process, contracting officers are still required to follow the acquisition policies and procedures (e.g., those prescribed in subpart 8.4 or 16.5, or part 13 or 15), as appropriate for the particular acqui…
  • FAR 17.804 Procedures.
    …ity subsequent to an award resulting from the auction (see 3.104-4(a) and (e)(1)); (2) Allow offerors the opportunity to continually revise their prices downward during the reverse auction until the close of the auction; and (3) Allow an …
  • FAR 22.1003-4 Administrative limitations, variations, tolerances, and exemptions.
    …ecretary of Labor may provide reasonable limitations and may make rules and regulations allowing reasonable variations, tolerances, and exemptions to and from any or all provisions of the Service Contract Labor Standards statute other than …
  • FAR 25.204 Evaluating offers of foreign construction material.
    …tion material offer or there is no domestic construction material offer received, and the low offer is for foreign construction material that does not exceed 55 percent domestic content, the contracting officer shall— (A) Treat the lowest …
  • FAR 25.502 Application.
    (a) Unless otherwise specified in agency regulations, perform the following steps in the order presented: (1) Eliminate all offers or offerors that are unacceptable for reasons other than price; e.g., nonresponsive, debarred or suspended, …
  • FAR 25.504-4 Group award basis.
    …TEP 1: Evaluate Offers A & B before considering Offer C and determine which offer has the lowest evaluated cost for each line item (the tentative award pattern): Item 1: Low offer A is domestic; select A. Item 2: Low offer B is eligible; …
  • FAR 28.204-3 Irrevocable letter of credit.
    …ver these claims. (f) The period for which financial security is required shall be as follows: (1) If used as a bid guarantee, the ILC should expire no earlier than 60 days after the close of the bid acceptance period. (2) If used as an …
  • FAR 30.201-4 Contract clauses.
    …se actual cost accounting practices (applicable to CAS-covered contracts only), and to follow disclosed and established cost accounting practices consistently. (b) Disclosure and consistency of cost accounting practices. (1) Insert the cla…
  • FAR 42.302 Contract administration functions.
    (a) The contracting officer normally delegates the following contract administration functions to a CAO. The contracting officer may retain any of these functions, except those in paragraphs (a)(5), (a)(9), (a)(11), and (a)(12) of this sect…
  • FAR 47.305-3 F.o.b. origin solicitations.
    …s shall also contain requirements, information, provisions, and clauses concerning the following items: (a) Delivery in carload or truckload lots f.o.b. carrier's equipment, wharf, or freight station. (b) The requirement that the offeror …
  • FAR 52.204-8 Annual Representations and Certifications.
    As prescribed in 4.1202(a), insert the following provision: Annual Representations and Certifications (MAR 2026) (a)(1) The North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) code for this acquisition is _______ [insert NAICS code]. (…
  • FAR 52.204-20 Predecessor of Offeror.
    As prescribed in 4.1804(d), insert the following provision: Predecessor of Offeror (AUG 2020) (a) Definitions. As used in this provision— Commercial and Government Entity (CAGE) code means— (1) An identifier assigned to entities located…
  • FAR 52.204-30 Federal Acquisition Supply Chain Security Act Orders—Prohibition.
    As prescribed in 4.2306(c), insert the following clause: Federal Acquisition Supply Chain Security Act Orders—Prohibition (DEC 2023) (a) Definitions. As used in this clause— Covered article, as defined in 41 U.S.C. 4713(k), means— (1) I…
  • FAR 52.211-9 Desired and Required Time of Delivery.
    As prescribed in 11.404(a)(3), insert the following clause: Desired and Required Time of Delivery (JUN 1997) (a) The Government desires delivery to be made according to the following schedule: DESIRED DELIVERY SCHEDULE [Contracting Offi…
  • FAR 52.212-5 Contract Terms and Conditions Required To Implement Statutes or Executive Orders—Commercial Products and Commercial Services.
    As prescribed in 12.301(b)(4), insert the following clause: Contract Terms and Conditions Required To Implement Statutes or Executive Orders—Commercial Products and Commercial Services (MAR 2026) (a) The Contractor shall comply with the f…
  • FAR 52.215-20 Requirements for Certified Cost or Pricing Data and Data Other Than Certified Cost or Pricing Data.
    As prescribed in 15.408(l), insert the following provision: Requirements for Certified Cost or Pricing Data and Data Other Than Certified Cost or Pricing Data (NOV 2021) (a) Exceptions from certified cost or pricing data. (1) In lieu of s…
  • FAR 52.215-21 Requirements for Certified Cost or Pricing Data and Data Other Than Certified Cost or Pricing Data—Modifications.
    As prescribed in 15.408(m), insert the following clause: Requirements for Certified Cost or Pricing Data and Data Other Than Certified Cost or Pricing Data—Modifications (NOV 2021) (a) Exceptions from certified cost or pricing data. (1) I…
  • FAR 52.219-9 Small Business Subcontracting Plan.
    As prescribed in 19.708(b), insert the following clause: Small Business Subcontracting Plan (JAN 2025) (a) This clause does not apply to small business concerns. (b) Definitions. As used in this clause— Alaska Native Corporation (ANC) m…
  • FAR 52.222-33 Notice of Requirement for Project Labor Agreement.
    As prescribed in 22.505(a)(1), insert the following provision: Notice of Requirement for Project Labor Agreement (JAN 2024) (a) Definitions. As used in this provision, the following terms are defined in clause 52.222-34, Project Labor Agr…
  • FAR 52.222-46 Evaluation of Compensation for Professional Employees.
    As prescribed in 22.1103, insert the following provision: Evaluation of Compensation for Professional Employees (FEB 1993) (a) Recompetition of service contracts may in some cases result in lowering the compensation (salaries and fringe b…
  • FAR 52.225-3 Buy American—Free Trade Agreements—Israeli Trade Act.
    As prescribed in 25.1101(b)(1)(i), insert the following clause: Buy American—Free Trade Agreements—Israeli Trade Act (NOV 2023) (a) Definitions. As used in this clause— Bahraini, Moroccan, Omani, Panamanian, or Peruvian end product means…
  • FAR 52.225-4 Buy American—Free Trade Agreements—Israeli Trade Act Certificate.
    As prescribed in 25.1101(b)(2)(i), insert the following provision: Buy American—Free Trade Agreements—Israeli Trade Act Certificate (NOV 2023) (a)(1) The Offeror certifies that each end product, except those listed in paragraph (b) or (c)…
  • FAR 52.228-14 Irrevocable Letter of Credit.
    As prescribed in 28.204-4, insert the following clause: Irrevocable Letter of Credit (NOV 2014) (a) “Irrevocable letter of credit” (ILC), as used in this clause, means a written commitment by a federally insured financial institution to p…
  • FAR 52.230-1 Cost Accounting Standards Notices and Certification.
    As prescribed in 30.201-3(a), insert the following provision: Cost Accounting Standards Notices and Certification (JUN 2020) This notice does not apply to small businesses or foreign governments. This notice is in three parts, identified …

FAR (chapter 1)

DFARS (chapter 2, Defense)

Source: eCFR, 48 CFR chapters 1 and 2 (GPO GovInfo bulk data) ↗. Rule changes in progress: FAR, DFARS. Terms: glossary.