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48 CFR · Federal Acquisition Regulation and Defense supplement

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The codified text (eCFR, as of 2026-10-02). Under the Revolutionary FAR Overhaul ↗, agencies follow class deviations with new text for many parts while the formal rules go through the Federal Register: check the solicitation and your contract's clauses, which rule.

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57 sections with “written justification”: the first 40

  • FAR 27.404-5 Unauthorized, omitted, or incorrect markings.
    … or ignore the markings. (2) Agencies shall not cancel or ignore markings without making written inquiry of the contractor and affording the contractor at least 60 days to provide a written justification substantiating the propriety of the…
  • FAR 52.227-14 Rights in Data—General.
    …ical or professional journals, symposia proceedings, or similar works. The prior, express written permission of the Contracting Officer is required to assert copyright in all other data first produced in the performance of this contract. (…
  • DFARS 252.227-7037 Validation of Asserted Restrictions on Technical Data.
    …the Contractor or subcontractor shall be prepared to furnish to the Contracting Officer a written justification for such asserted restrictions in response to a challenge under paragraph (e) of this clause. (d) Prechallenge request for info…
  • FAR 23.104 General procedures.
    (a) Maximum extent practicable. If the requiring activity submits a written justification addressing the reasons described in 23.103(a)(1), the contracting officer may consider it not practicable to procure sustainable products or services.…
  • FAR 6.302-4 International agreement.
    … between the United States and a foreign government or international organization, or the written directions of a foreign government reimbursing the agency for the cost of the acquisition of the supplies or services for such government. (b…
  • FAR 23.109 Solicitation provisions and contract clauses.
    …, in solicitations and contracts— (1) Unless— (i) The requiring activity has provided a written justification that it is not practicable to procure sustainable products and services (see 23.104(a)); (ii) An exception under 23.105 applies…
  • FAR 32.006-4 Procedures.
    …nts to the contractor. The remedy coordination official shall submit to the agency head a written report setting forth the remedy coordination official's findings that support each recommendation. (b) Upon receiving a recommendation from t…
  • FAR 52.242-1 Notice of Intent To Disallow Costs.
    … of this contract— (1) The Contracting Officer may at any time issue to the Contractor a written notice of intent to disallow specified costs incurred or planned for incurrence under this contract that have been determined not to be allowa…
  • DFARS 252.204-7010 Requirement for Contractor To Notify DoD if the Contractor's Activities are Subject to Reporting Under the U.S.-International Atomic Energy Agency Additional Protocol.
    …Agency Additional Protocol (U.S.-IAEA AP), the Contractor shall— (1) Immediately provide written notification to the following DoD Program Manager: [Contracting Officer to insert Program Manager's name, mailing address, e-mail address, te…
  • DFARS 252.227-7019 Validation of Asserted Restrictions—Computer Software.
    …ernment under this contract and shall be prepared to furnish to the Contracting Officer a written justification for such asserted restrictions in response to a request for information under paragraph (d) of this clause or a challenge under …
  • FAR 1.107 Certifications.
    …er unless— (a) The certification requirement is specifically imposed by statute; or (b) Written justification for such certification is provided to the Administrator for Federal Procurement Policy by the Federal Acquisition Regulatory Cou…
  • FAR 6.302-1 Only one responsible source and no other supplies or services will satisfy agency requirements.
    …e. (d) Limitations. (1) Contracts awarded using this authority shall be supported by the written justifications and approvals described in 6.303 and 6.304. (2) For contracts awarded using this authority, the notices required by 5.201 shal…
  • FAR 6.302-2 Unusual and compelling urgency.
    …t. (c) Limitations. (1) Contracts awarded using this authority shall be supported by the written justifications and approvals described in 6.303 and 6.304. These justifications may be made and approved after contract award when preparation…
  • FAR 6.302-3 Industrial mobilization; engineering, developmental, or research capability; or expert services.
    …ocess. (c) Limitations. Contracts awarded using this authority shall be supported by the written justifications and approvals described in 6.303 and 6.304.
  • FAR 6.302-5 Authorized or required by statute.
    …Federal Government. (2) Contracts awarded using this authority shall be supported by the written justifications and approvals described in 6.303 and 6.304, except for— (i) Contracts awarded under paragraph (a)(2)(ii) or (b)(2) of this sec…
  • FAR 6.302-6 National security.
    …t. (c) Limitations. (1) Contracts awarded using this authority shall be supported by the written justifications and approvals described in 6.303 and 6.304. (2) See 5.202(a)(1) for synopsis requirements. (3) This statutory authority requi…
  • FAR 7.105 Contents of written acquisition plans.
    In order to facilitate attainment of the acquisition objectives, the plan must identify those milestones at which decisions should be made (see paragraph (b)(21) of this section). The plan must address all the technical, business, managemen…
  • FAR 9.202 Policy.
    … the agency or designee shall, before establishing a qualification requirement, prepare a written justification— (i) Stating the necessity for establishing the qualification requirement and specifying why the qualification requirement must…
  • FAR 16.505 Ordering.
    … basis in accordance with paragraph (b)(1)(iii)(B) of this section, unless supported by a written determination that one of the circumstances described at 16.505(b)(2)(i) applies to the order and the requirement is waived on the basis of a …
  • FAR 22.805 Procedures.
    …evaluation cannot be completed by the required date, the contracting officer shall submit written justification for the award to the head of the contracting activity, who, after informing the OFCCP regional office, may then approve the awar…
  • FAR 23.105 Exceptions.
    …s for ozone depleting substances per 23.107-4 (see 23.109(d)) (42 U.S.C. 7671l), unless a written justification exists as described at 23.104(a) (42 U.S.C. 6962(c)(1) and 7 U.S.C. 8102(a)(1)(B)). (c) Energy-consuming products or systems de…
  • FAR 27.306 Licensing background patent rights to third parties.
    …ntractor that are not subject inventions unless the agency head has approved and signed a written justification in accordance with paragraph (b) of this section. The agency head may not delegate this authority and may exercise the authority…
  • FAR 31.205-46 Travel costs.
    …ions referred in paragraph (a)(2)(i), (ii), or (iii) of this section, must exist. (ii) A written justification for use of the higher amounts must be approved by an officer of the contractor's organization or designee to ensure that the aut…
  • FAR 49.206-3 Submission of inventory disposal schedules.
    …ys from the effective date of termination unless otherwise extended by the TCO based on a written justification to support the extension. The inventory schedules shall be prepared on Standard Form 1428, Inventory Disposal Schedule.
  • FAR 49.303-2 Submission of inventory disposal schedules.
    …ys from the effective date of termination unless otherwise extended by the TCO based on a written justification to support the extension. The inventory disposal schedules shall be prepared on Standard Form 1428, Inventory Disposal Schedule.
  • DFARS 201.107 Certifications.
    …RS unless— (1) The certification requirement is specifically imposed by statute; or (2) Written justification for such certification is provided to the Secretary of Defense by the Under Secretary of Defense (Acquisition and Sustainment), …
  • DFARS 201.304 Agency control and compliance procedures.
    …n unless— (i) The certification requirement is specifically imposed by statute; or (ii) Written justification for such certification is provided to the Secretary of Defense by USD(A&S), and the Secretary of Defense approves in writing the…
  • DFARS 204.470-2 National security exclusion.
    …nt to determine if, and by what means, access may be granted to the IAEA; or (2) Provide written justification to the component or agency treaty office for application of the national security exclusion at that location to exclude access b…
  • DFARS 226.7202 Policy and procedures.
    … the contracting officer elects to use this Demonstration Project, FAR 6.302-5 requires a written justification and approval to limit competition to eligible contractors. In the justification, identify the statutory authority for the Demons…
  • DFARS 234.004 Acquisition strategy.
    … contract is selected, the contract file shall include the milestone decision authority's written determination that— (1) The program is so complex and technically challenging that it would not be practicable to reduce program risk to a le…
  • FAR 8.405-3 Blanket purchase agreements (BPAs).
    …le contractors that can fulfill the requirements, the contracting officer shall prepare a written determination explaining that no additional contractors capable of fulfilling the requirements could be identified despite reasonable efforts …
  • FAR 8.405-6 Limiting sources.
    …to provide access through eBuy; or (C) The agency's senior procurement executive makes a written determination that access through e-Buy is not in the Government's interest. (4) When applicable, the documentation and posting requirements …
  • FAR 13.106-1 Soliciting competition.
    …able for contract actions exceeding $25,000 unless covered by an exception in 5.202. (d) Written solicitations. If obtaining electronic or oral quotations is uneconomical or impracticable, the contracting officer should issue paper solicit…
  • FAR 19.502-8 Rejecting Small Business Administration recommendations.
    (a) If the contracting officer rejects a recommendation of the SBA, written notice shall be furnished to the appropriate SBA representative within 5 working days of the contracting officer's receipt of the recommendation. (b) The SBA PCR (…
  • FAR 49.109-7 Settlement by determination.
    …contractor at least 15 days notice by certified mail (return receipt requested) to submit written evidence, so as to reach the TCO on or before a stated date, substantiating the amount previously proposed. (c) Justification of settlement p…
  • DFARS 227.7103-13 Government right to review, verify, challenge, and validate asserted restrictions.
    …section, contracting officers may request the person asserting a restriction to furnish a written explanation of the facts and supporting documentation for the assertion in sufficient detail to enable the contracting officer to ascertain th…
  • DFARS 252.244-7001 Contractor Purchasing System Administration.
    …erstand the weakness or deficiency. (2) The Contractor shall respond within 30 days to a written initial determination from the Contracting Officer that identifies material weaknesses in the Contractor's purchasing system. If the Contracto…
  • FAR 4.2305 Waivers.
    …). If a waiver is being pursued, then the contracting officer may not make an award until written approval is obtained that the waiver has been granted.
  • FAR 5.102 Availability of solicitations.
    …solicitation through the GPE; or (iii) The agency's senior procurement executive makes a written determination that access through the GPE is not in the Government's interest. (6) When an acquisition contains brand name specifications, th…
  • FAR 6.302-7 Public interest.
    …ty may be used when none of the other authorities in 6.302 apply. (c) Limitations. (1) A written determination to use this authority shall be made in accordance with subpart 1.7, by (i) the Secretary of Defense, the Secretary of the Army, …

FAR (chapter 1)

DFARS (chapter 2, Defense)

Source: eCFR, 48 CFR chapters 1 and 2 (GPO GovInfo bulk data) ↗. Rule changes in progress: FAR, DFARS. Terms: glossary.