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48 CFR · Federal Acquisition Regulation and Defense supplement

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The codified text (eCFR, as of 2026-10-02). Under the Revolutionary FAR Overhaul ↗, agencies follow class deviations with new text for many parts while the formal rules go through the Federal Register: check the solicitation and your contract's clauses, which rule.

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82 sections with “cost or price analysis”: the first 40

  • DFARS 215.371-3 Fair and reasonable price and the requirement for additional cost or pricing data.
    … then then the contracting officer shall comply with the following: (a) If no additional cost or pricing data are required to determine through cost or price analysis that the offered price is fair and reasonable, the contracting officer s…
  • FAR 15.403-1 Prohibition on obtaining certified cost or pricing data (10 U.S.C. chapter 271 and 41 U.S.C. chapter 35).
    (a) Certified cost or pricing data shall not be obtained for acquisitions at or below the simplified acquisition threshold. (b) Exceptions to certified cost or pricing data requirements. The contracting officer shall not require certified …
  • FAR 15.403-3 Requiring data other than certified cost or pricing data.
    (a)(1) In those acquisitions that do not require certified cost or pricing data, the contracting officer shall— (i) Obtain whatever data are available from Government or other secondary sources and use that data in determining a fair and r…
  • DFARS 215.403-1 Prohibition on obtaining certified cost or pricing data (10 U.S.C. chapter 271 and 41 U.S.C. chapter 35).
    (b) Exceptions to certified cost or pricing data requirements. (i) Follow the procedures at PGI 215.403-1(b). (ii) Submission of certified cost or pricing data shall not be required in the case of a contract, subcontract, or modification o…
  • DFARS 225.7303-2 Cost of doing business with a foreign government or an international organization.
    …-1 do not exist, except as provided in 225.7303-5, recognize the reasonable and allocable costs of doing business with a foreign government or international organization, even though such costs might not be recognized in the same amounts in…
  • DFARS 252.215-7010 Requirements for Certified Cost or Pricing Data and Data Other Than Certified Cost or Pricing Data.
    … in 215.408(5)(i) and (5)(i)(A), use the following provision: Requirements for Certified Cost or Pricing Data and Data Other Than Certified Cost or Pricing Data—Basic (MAY 2024) (a) Definitions. As used in this provision— Market prices m…
  • FAR 15.404-1 Proposal analysis techniques.
    …evel of detail of the analysis required. (2) Price analysis shall be used when certified cost or pricing data are not required (see paragraph (b) of this subsection and 15.404-3). (3) Cost analysis shall be used to evaluate the reasonable…
  • FAR 15.404-2 Data to support proposal analysis.
    … reflect the minimum essential supplementary information needed to conduct a technical or cost or pricing analysis. (2) The contracting officer shall tailor the type of information and level of detail requested in accordance with the speci…
  • FAR 15.405 Price negotiation.
    (a) The purpose of performing cost or price analysis is to develop a negotiation position that permits the contracting officer and the offeror an opportunity to reach agreement on a fair and reasonable price. A fair and reasonable price doe…
  • FAR 19.807 Estimating the fair market price.
    …er than those covered in paragraph (c) of this section, the contracting officer shall use cost or price analysis and consider commercial prices for similar products and services, available in-house cost estimates, data (including certified …
  • FAR 52.215-1 Instructions to Offerors—Competitive Acquisition.
    … Therefore, the offeror's initial proposal should contain the offeror's best terms from a cost or price and technical standpoint. The Government reserves the right to conduct discussions if the Contracting Officer later determines them to b…
  • DFARS 252.215-7003 Requirement for Submission of Data Other Than Certified Cost or Pricing Data—Canadian Commercial Corporation.
    …i), use the following provision: Requirement for Submission of Data Other Than Certified Cost or Pricing Data—Canadian Commercial Corporation (JUL 2012) (a) Submission of certified cost or pricing data is not required. (b) Canadian Comme…
  • DFARS 252.244-7001 Contractor Purchasing System Administration.
    …sure fair and reasonable prices; (9) Require management level justification and adequate cost or price analysis, as applicable, for any sole or single source award; (10) Perform timely and adequate cost or price analysis and technical eva…
  • DFARS 252.215-7004 Requirement for Submission of Data Other Than Certified Cost or Pricing Data—Modifications-Canadian Commercial Corporation.
    …)(ii), use the following clause: Requirement for Submission of Data Other Than Certified Cost or Pricing Data—Modifications—Canadian Commercial Corporation (OCT 2013) This clause, in lieu of FAR 52.215-21, applies only if award is to the …
  • FAR 15.407-4 Should-cost review.
    (a) General. (1) Should-cost reviews are a specialized form of cost analysis. Should-cost reviews differ from traditional evaluation methods because they do not assume that a contractor's historical costs reflect efficient and economical op…
  • FAR 16.104 Factors in selecting contract types.
    …vide a realistic pricing standard should be carefully considered. (See 15.404-1(b).) (c) Cost analysis. In the absence of effective price competition and if price analysis is not sufficient, the cost estimates of the offeror and the Govern…
  • FAR 31.102 Fixed-price contracts.
    …ice contracts, subcontracts, and modifications to contracts and subcontracts whenever (a) cost analysis is performed, or (b) a fixed-price contract clause requires the determination or negotiation of costs. However, application of cost prin…
  • FAR 31.103 Contracts with commercial organizations.
    …d local governments (see 31.107) and nonprofit organizations (see 31.108) on the basis of cost. (a) The cost principles and procedures in subpart 31.2 and agency supplements shall be used in pricing negotiated supply, service, experimental…
  • FAR 31.205-6 Compensation for personal services.
    …e following general criteria and additional requirements contained in other parts of this cost principle: (1) Compensation for personal services must be for work performed by the employee in the current year and must not represent a retroa…
  • FAR 32.205 Procedures for offeror-proposed commercial contract financing.
    …ontracting officer must adjust each proposed price for evaluation purposes to reflect the cost of providing the proposed financing in order to determine the total cost to the Government of that particular combination of price and financing.…
  • FAR 32.503-6 Suspension or reduction of payments.
    … the following actions, as necessary, to avoid or correct overpayment: (1) Eliminate the costs of the excessive inventory from the costs eligible for progress payments, with appropriate reduction in progress payments outstanding. (2) Appl…
  • FAR 36.605 Government cost estimate for architect-engineer work.
    (a) An independent Government estimate of the cost of architect-engineer services shall be prepared and furnished to the contracting officer before commencing negotiations for each proposed contract or contract modification expected to exce…
  • DFARS 217.172 Multiyear contracts for supplies.
    …lation provisions in the contract do not include consideration of recurring manufacturing costs of the contractor associated with the production of unfunded units to be delivered under the contract; (4) The contract provides that payments …
  • DFARS 231.205-70 External restructuring costs.
    …n— (1) Prescribes policies and procedures for allowing contractor external restructuring costs when savings would result for DoD; and (2) Implements 10 U.S.C. 3761. (b) Definitions. As used in this section: (1) Business combination mean…
  • DFARS 252.215-7002 Cost Estimating System Requirements.
    As prescribed in 215.408(1), use the following clause: Cost Estimating System Requirements (Jan 2025) (a) Definitions. Acceptable estimating system means an estimating system that complies with the system criteria in paragraph (d) of thi…
  • FAR 4.803 Contents of contract files.
    …leted solicitation sections A, B, and K; (ii) Technical and management proposals; (iii) Cost/price proposals; and (iv) Any other pages of the solicitation that the offeror or quoter has altered or annotated. (11) Contractor's representa…
  • FAR 15.404-3 Subcontract pricing considerations.
    …rmination of a fair and reasonable price for the prime contract, including subcontracting costs. The contracting officer should consider whether a contractor or subcontractor has an approved purchasing system, has performed cost or price an…
  • FAR 35.008 Evaluation for award.
    … to notify and debrief offerors. (e) It is important to evaluate a proposed contractor's cost or price estimate, not only to determine whether the estimate is reasonable but also to provide valuable insight into the offeror's understanding…
  • FAR 44.202-2 Considerations.
    …esponsibility of the particular subcontractor? (8) Has the contractor performed adequate cost or price analysis or price comparisons and obtained certified cost or pricing data and data other than certified cost or pricing data? (9) Is th…
  • DFARS 232.072-3 Cash flow forecasts.
    … forecasts is a strong indicator of serious managerial deficiencies or potential contract cost or performance problems. (c) Single or one-time cash flow forecasts are of limited forecasting power. As such, they should be limited to preawar…
  • FAR 2.101 Definitions.
    … comprehensive plan for fulfilling the agency need in a timely manner and at a reasonable cost. It includes developing the overall strategy for managing the acquisition. Activity Address Code (AAC) means a distinct six-position code consis…
  • FAR 7.103 Agency-head responsibilities.
    …formality in the planning process is required as the acquisition becomes more complex and costly, including for cost-reimbursement and other high-risk contracts (e.g., other than firm-fixed-price contracts) requiring a written acquisition p…
  • FAR 7.105 Contents of written acquisition plans.
    …ements for compatibility with existing or future systems or programs; and (ii) Any known cost, schedule, and capability or performance constraints. (3) Cost. Set forth the established cost goals for the acquisition and the rationale suppo…
  • FAR 15.305 Proposal evaluation.
    …, and risks supporting proposal evaluation shall be documented in the contract file. (1) Cost or price evaluation. Normally, competition establishes price reasonableness. Therefore, when contracting on a firm-fixed-price or fixed-price wit…
  • FAR 15.306 Exchanges with offerors after receipt of proposals.
    …ed to cure proposal deficiencies or material omissions, materially alter the technical or cost elements of the proposal, and/or otherwise revise the proposal. Such communications may be considered in rating proposals for the purpose of esta…
  • FAR 15.402 Pricing policy.
    …easonableness of the offered prices, the contracting officer— (1) Shall obtain certified cost or pricing data when required by 15.403-4, along with data other than certified cost or pricing data as necessary to establish a fair and reasona…
  • FAR 15.404-4 Profit.
    … or fee portion of the Government prenegotiation objective in price negotiations based on cost analysis. (1) Profit or fee prenegotiation objectives do not necessarily represent net income to contractors. Rather, they represent that elemen…
  • FAR 15.406-3 Documenting the negotiation.
    …on) to the extent they affected and were considered in the negotiation. (5) If certified cost or pricing data were not required in the case of any price negotiation exceeding the certified cost or pricing data threshold, the exception used…
  • FAR 15.408 Solicitation provisions and contract clauses.
    …te I, if a fixed-price incentive contract is contemplated; or (2) Its Alternate II, if a cost-plus-incentive-fee contract is contemplated. (b) Price Reduction for Defective Certified Cost or Pricing Data. The contracting officer shall, wh…
  • FAR 16.103 Negotiating contract type.
    …onsidered together. The objective is to negotiate a contract type and price (or estimated cost and fee) that will result in reasonable contractor risk and provide the contractor with the greatest incentive for efficient and economical perfo…

FAR (chapter 1)

DFARS (chapter 2, Defense)

Source: eCFR, 48 CFR chapters 1 and 2 (GPO GovInfo bulk data) ↗. Rule changes in progress: FAR, DFARS. Terms: glossary.