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48 CFR · Federal Acquisition Regulation and Defense supplement

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The codified text (eCFR, as of 2026-10-02). Under the Revolutionary FAR Overhaul ↗, agencies follow class deviations with new text for many parts while the formal rules go through the Federal Register: check the solicitation and your contract's clauses, which rule.

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87 sections with “price analysis”: the first 40

  • FAR 15.404-1 Proposal analysis techniques.
    (a) General. The objective of proposal analysis is to ensure that the final agreed-to price is fair and reasonable. (1) The contracting officer is responsible for evaluating the reasonableness of the offered prices. The analytical techniqu…
  • FAR 15.405 Price negotiation.
    (a) The purpose of performing cost or price analysis is to develop a negotiation position that permits the contracting officer and the offeror an opportunity to reach agreement on a fair and reasonable price. A fair and reasonable price doe…
  • FAR 19.807 Estimating the fair market price.
    (a) The contracting officer shall estimate the fair market price of the work to be performed by the 8(a) contractor. (b) In estimating the fair market price for an acquisition other than those covered in paragraph (c) of this section, the …
  • DFARS 215.371-3 Fair and reasonable price and the requirement for additional cost or pricing data.
    …ing: (a) If no additional cost or pricing data are required to determine through cost or price analysis that the offered price is fair and reasonable, the contracting officer shall require that any cost or pricing data provided in the prop…
  • DFARS 215.404-1 Proposal analysis techniques.
    …ts or support equipment, perform an analysis of— (A) Those line items where the proposed price exceeds by 25 percent or more the lowest price the Government has paid within the most recent 12-month period based on reasonably available data…
  • FAR 14.408-2 Responsible bidder—reasonableness of price.
    …all determine that a prospective contractor is responsible (see subpart 9.1) and that the prices offered are reasonable before awarding the contract. The price analysis techniques in 15.404-1(b) may be used as guidelines. In each case the d…
  • FAR 15.404-2 Data to support proposal analysis.
    …rmation available at the buying activity is inadequate to determine a fair and reasonable price. The contracting officer shall tailor requests to reflect the minimum essential supplementary information needed to conduct a technical or cost …
  • FAR 31.102 Fixed-price contracts.
    The applicable subparts of part 31 shall be used in the pricing of fixed-price contracts, subcontracts, and modifications to contracts and subcontracts whenever (a) cost analysis is performed, or (b) a fixed-price contract clause requires t…
  • FAR 4.803 Contents of contract files.
    …ng the type and extent of market research conducted. (7) Government estimate of contract price. (8) A copy of the solicitation and all amendments thereto. (9) Security requirements and evidence of required clearances. (10) A copy of eac…
  • FAR 15.305 Proposal evaluation.
    …sks supporting proposal evaluation shall be documented in the contract file. (1) Cost or price evaluation. Normally, competition establishes price reasonableness. Therefore, when contracting on a firm-fixed-price or fixed-price with econom…
  • FAR 15.306 Exchanges with offerors after receipt of proposals.
    …udes persuasion, alteration of assumptions and positions, give-and-take, and may apply to price, schedule, technical requirements, type of contract, or other terms of a proposed contract. When negotiations are conducted in a competitive acq…
  • FAR 15.402 Pricing policy.
    …hall— (a) Purchase supplies and services from responsible sources at fair and reasonable prices. In establishing the reasonableness of the offered prices, the contracting officer— (1) Shall obtain certified cost or pricing data when requi…
  • FAR 15.403-1 Prohibition on obtaining certified cost or pricing data (10 U.S.C. chapter 271 and 41 U.S.C. chapter 35).
    … pricing data as defined in FAR 2.101 to support a determination of a fair and reasonable price or cost realism)— (1) When the contracting officer determines that prices agreed upon are based on adequate price competition (see standards in…
  • FAR 15.403-3 Requiring data other than certified cost or pricing data.
    …ernment or other secondary sources and use that data in determining a fair and reasonable price; (ii) Require submission of data other than certified cost or pricing data, as defined in 2.101, from the offeror to the extent necessary to de…
  • FAR 15.404-3 Subcontract pricing considerations.
    (a) The contracting officer is responsible for the determination of a fair and reasonable price for the prime contract, including subcontracting costs. The contracting officer should consider whether a contractor or subcontractor has an app…
  • FAR 15.406-3 Documenting the negotiation.
    …ontract file the principal elements of the negotiated agreement. The documentation (e.g., price negotiation memorandum (PNM)) shall include the following: (1) The purpose of the negotiation. (2) A description of the acquisition, including…
  • FAR 16.104 Factors in selecting contract types.
    …consider in selecting and negotiating the contract type. They include the following: (a) Price competition. Normally, effective price competition results in realistic pricing, and a fixed-price contract is ordinarily in the Government's in…
  • FAR 44.202-2 Considerations.
    …eople Who Are Blind or Severely Disabled (41 U.S.C. 8504) (see part 8)? (5) Was adequate price competition obtained or its absence properly justified? (6) Did the contractor adequately assess and dispose of subcontractors' alternate propo…
  • FAR 52.215-1 Instructions to Offerors—Competitive Acquisition.
    …visions included in the solicitation and agreement to furnish any or all items upon which prices are offered at the price set opposite each item; (iv) Names, titles, and telephone and facsimile numbers (and electronic addresses if availabl…
  • DFARS 215.402 Pricing policy.
    …ble for determining if the information provided by the offeror is sufficient to determine price reasonableness. This responsibility includes determining whether information on the prices at which the same or similar items have previously be…
  • DFARS 215.403-1 Prohibition on obtaining certified cost or pricing data (10 U.S.C. chapter 271 and 41 U.S.C. chapter 35).
    …c) Standards for exceptions from certified cost or pricing data requirements—(1) Adequate price competition. (A) For acquisitions under dual or multiple source programs— (1) The determination of adequate price competition must be made on …
  • DFARS 234.7002 Policy.
    …subsystem, component, or spare part, if available. (e) Relevant information to determine price reasonableness. For products relying on paragraph (3)(ii) of the “commercial product” definition at FAR 2.101, see FAR 15.403-1(c)(3)(iii)(C). S…
  • DFARS 252.236-7000 Modification proposals—price breakdown.
    As prescribed in 236.570(a), use the following clause: Modification Proposals—Price Breakdown (DEC 1991) (a) The Contractor shall furnish a price breakdown, itemized as required and within the time specified by the Contracting Officer, wi…
  • DFARS 252.244-7001 Contractor Purchasing System Administration.
    …ontracting, including make-or-buy decisions, the selection of vendors, analysis of quoted prices, negotiation of prices with vendors, placing and administering of orders, and expediting delivery of materials. (b) General. The Contractor sh…
  • FAR 22.504 General requirements for project labor agreements.
    …of potential offerors to such a degree that adequate competition at a fair and reasonable price could not be achieved. (See 10.002(b)(1) and 36.104). A likely reduction in the number of potential offerors is not, by itself, sufficient to ex…
  • FAR 2.101 Definitions.
    …bstantial quantities in the commercial marketplace based on established catalog or market prices for specific tasks performed or specific outcomes to be achieved and under standard commercial terms and conditions. For purposes of these serv…
  • FAR 7.105 Contents of written acquisition plans.
    …tion. Discuss the rationale for the selection of contract type. For other than firm-fixed-price contracts, see 16.103(d) for additional documentation guidance. Acquisition personnel shall document the acquisition plan with findings that det…
  • FAR 8.404 Use of Federal Supply Schedules.
    …the supply or service. (d) Pricing. Supplies offered on the schedule are listed at fixed prices. Services offered on the schedule are priced either at hourly rates, or at a fixed price for performance of a specific task (e.g., installation…
  • FAR 8.405-3 Blanket purchase agreements (BPAs).
    …hat can provide the supply or service that represents the best value. (2) In addition to price (see 8.404(d) and 8.405-4), when determining best value, the ordering activity may consider, among other factors, the following: (i) Past perfo…
  • FAR 12.207 Contract type.
    (a) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, agencies shall use firm-fixed-price contracts or fixed-price contracts with economic price adjustment for the acquisition of commercial products or commercial services. (b)(1) A time…
  • FAR 15.404-4 Profit.
    … for establishing the profit or fee portion of the Government prenegotiation objective in price negotiations based on cost analysis. (1) Profit or fee prenegotiation objectives do not necessarily represent net income to contractors. Rather…
  • FAR 15.408 Solicitation provisions and contract clauses.
    …alue, the contracting officer shall use the clause with— (1) Its Alternate I, if a fixed-price incentive contract is contemplated; or (2) Its Alternate II, if a cost-plus-incentive-fee contract is contemplated. (b) Price Reduction for De…
  • FAR 16.103 Negotiating contract type.
    …nd requires the exercise of sound judgment. Negotiating the contract type and negotiating prices are closely related and should be considered together. The objective is to negotiate a contract type and price (or estimated cost and fee) that…
  • FAR 16.601 Time-and-materials contracts.
    …sitions of other than commercial products or commercial services awarded without adequate price competition (see 15.403-1(c)(1)), the contract shall specify separate fixed hourly rates that include wages, overhead, general and administrativ…
  • FAR 17.207 Exercise of options.
    …n the time period specified in the contract. (b) When the contract provides for economic price adjustment and the contractor requests a revision of the price, the contracting officer shall determine the effect of the adjustment on prices u…
  • FAR 22.1003-4 Administrative limitations, variations, tolerances, and exemptions.
    …blic in the course of normal business operations. (ii) The services will be furnished at prices which are, or are based on, established catalog or market prices for the maintenance, calibration, or repair of such equipment. As defined at 2…
  • FAR 25.504-1 Buy American statute.
    …offer, apply the 30 percent factor to Offer C (see 25.106(b)(2)). The resulting evaluated price of $13,130 remains lower than Offer B. The cost of Offer B is therefore unreasonable (see 25.106(b)(1)(ii)). The 25.106(b)(2) procedures do not …
  • FAR 25.504-4 Group award basis.
    …ible and Offer B is a domestic offer. Apply a 20 percent factor to Offer A. The evaluated price of Offer A is higher than Offer B; select B. Item 4: Low offer A is noneligible. Since neither offer is a domestic offer, no evaluation factor …
  • FAR 31.103 Contracts with commercial organizations.
    …i) the cost-reimbursement portion of time-and-materials contracts except when material is priced on a basis other than at cost (see 16.601(c)(3)); (2) Negotiating indirect cost rates (see subpart 42.7); (3) Proposing, negotiating, or dete…
  • FAR 31.204 Application of principles and procedures.
    …he subcontractor that are consistent with this part: (i) Cost-reimbursement. (ii) Fixed-price incentive. (iii) Price redeterminable (i.e., fixed-price contracts with prospective price redetermination and fixed-ceiling-price contracts wit…

FAR (chapter 1)

DFARS (chapter 2, Defense)

Source: eCFR, 48 CFR chapters 1 and 2 (GPO GovInfo bulk data) ↗. Rule changes in progress: FAR, DFARS. Terms: glossary.